Permalloy, Plate,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:MIL-N-14411 C ASTM A753，German Specs:

### **Permalloy - Plate Product Overview** **Permalloy** is a nickel-iron soft magnetic alloy renowned for its extremely high magnetic permeability and low coercivity. The **Plate** form provides flat, dimensionally stable stock material for manufacturing large-area magnetic components requiring superior soft magnetic characteristics and structural integrity. * **Common Names:** Permalloy Plate, High Permeability Nickel-Iron Alloy Plate * **Key Variants:** Permalloy 45 Plate, Permalloy 80 Plate --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** | Element | Permalloy 45 (%) | Permalloy 80 (%) | |---------|------------------|------------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 45-50 | 77-83 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | - | 0.5-2.0 | | **Copper (Cu)** | - | 3-5 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30-0.60 | 0.30-0.60 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10-0.30 | 0.10-0.30 | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.02 max | 0.02 max | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Density (g/cm³)** | 8.17 | 8.74 | | **Melting Point (°C)** | 1420 | 1450 | | **Curie Temperature (°C)** | 440 | 460 | | **Electrical Resistivity (μΩ·m)** | 0.45 | 0.55 | | **Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)** | 18 | 16 | | **Thermal Expansion (μm/m·°C)** | 12.0 | 12.5 | --- #### **3. Magnetic Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | 2,500-4,000 | 20,000-50,000 | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | 25,000-50,000 | 70,000-150,000 | | **Saturation Induction (T)** | 1.5-1.6 | 0.70-0.82 | | **Coercive Force (A/m)** | 8-16 | 1.2-2.4 | | **Residual Induction (T)** | 0.4-0.6 | 0.15-0.30 | --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** **Plate Mechanical Characteristics:** * **Tensile Strength:** 470-540 MPa * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 240-310 MPa * **Elongation:** 30-40% in 2 inches * **Hardness:** 63-78 HRB * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 150-155 GPa * **Shear Strength:** 380 MPa * **Fatigue Strength:** 220 MPa at 10⁸ cycles --- #### **5. Product Specifications & Applications** **Plate Specifications:** * **Thickness Range:** 5.0 mm to 100 mm * **Width Range:** 200 mm to 1500 mm * **Length Range:** 1000 mm to 3000 mm * **Thickness Tolerance:** ±5% standard, ±3% available * **Flatness:** ≤3 mm per meter standard * **Surface Finish:** 3.2 μm Ra standard, 1.6 μm Ra available **Types Available:** * **Hot Rolled Plate:** For general magnetic applications * **Annealed Plate:** Optimized magnetic properties * **Stress-Relieved Plate:** For machining stability * **Precision Ground Plate:** For critical thickness applications **Primary Applications:** **Electronics & Instrumentation:** * **Magnetic Shield Enclosures:** Large-area shielding for electronic equipment * **Transformer Base Plates:** Magnetic flux containment foundations * **Instrument Base Plates:** Vibration-isolated magnetic bases * **Test Chamber Walls:** Magnetic shielding for testing facilities **Scientific & Research:** * **Research Chamber Components:** Magnetic shielding for experimental apparatus * **Physics Laboratory Equipment:** Shielding plates for sensitive measurements * **Magnetic Test Equipment:** Components for magnetic measurement systems * **Vacuum Chamber Flanges:** Magnetic shielding for vacuum systems **Medical & Healthcare:** * **MRI Room Shielding:** Peripheral magnetic shielding components * **Medical Equipment Bases:** Magnetic bases for sensitive medical devices * **Research Instrumentation:** Components for medical research equipment **Industrial Applications:** * **Magnetic Shielding Rooms:** Construction panels for shielded enclosures * **Testing Facility Components:** Magnetic shielding for industrial test areas * **Quality Control Equipment:** Magnetic bases for measurement instruments --- #### **6. International Standards** | Standard Type | Standard Number | Title / Specification | |---------------|----------------|----------------------| | **ASTM** | **ASTM A753** | Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys | | **ASTM** | **ASTM B48** | Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Plate | | **IEC** | **IEC 60404-8-6** | Metallic Magnetic Materials | | **MIL-SPEC** | **MIL-N-14411** | Nickel-Iron Magnetic Alloys | | **AMS** | **AMS 7701/7702** | Aerospace Material Specifications | | **DIN** | **DIN 17745** | Nickel-Iron Alloys with Special Magnetic Properties | --- #### **7. Manufacturing & Processing** **Machining Characteristics:** * **Machinability Rating:** 25-30% (compared to free-cutting brass) * **Recommended Tools:** Sharp carbide tools with positive rake angles * **Cutting Speed:** 20-35 m/min for milling operations * **Feed Rate:** 0.1-0.3 mm/tooth for milling * **Coolant Requirements:** Essential for optimal tool life **Critical Heat Treatment:** * **Final Annealing:** 1100-1150°C in pure dry hydrogen atmosphere * **Stress Relieving:** 400-500°C after heavy machining * **Cooling Rate:** Controlled cooling >100°C/hour through Curie point * **Atmosphere Control:** Essential for optimal magnetic properties **Fabrication Guidelines:** * **Forming:** Good formability in annealed condition * **Joining:** Mechanical fastening preferred over welding * **Handling:** Avoid mechanical stress after final anneal * **Storage:** Flat storage with proper support --- #### **8. Quality Assurance** * **Chemical Certification:** Mill certificate with heat analysis * **Dimensional Verification:** Thickness, flatness, and dimensional checks * **Magnetic Testing:** Permeability and coercive force measurement * **Ultrasonic Testing:** For internal quality assessment of thick plates * **Mechanical Testing:** Tensile and hardness testing per ASTM standards * **Flatness Verification:** Precision measurement across plate surface --- **Summary** **Permalloy Plate** provides stable, flat stock material for manufacturing large-area magnetic components requiring superior soft magnetic characteristics. The availability of both Permalloy 45 (with higher saturation induction) and Permalloy 80 (with higher permeability) allows engineers to select the optimal material based on specific application requirements for magnetic shielding, flux conduction, and structural magnetic applications. These plates are indispensable for sensitive instrumentation, research equipment, medical systems, and industrial magnetic applications where both large surface area and excellent magnetic performance are required. Compliance with **ASTM A753** and other international standards ensures consistent material performance and reliability. Proper heat treatment in hydrogen atmosphere, careful machining practices, and appropriate handling throughout the manufacturing process are essential to preserve the exceptional magnetic properties that define the Permalloy family of alloys. The plate form enables the creation of large, stable magnetic shielding surfaces and structural components where maximum permeability and minimum coercivity are crucial for system performance.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2552 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.