Nickel 81/Iron 19 Alloy,Ni19Fe Alloy,Nickel Iron Alloy，1

### **Nickel 81/Iron 19 Alloy (Ni₈₁Fe₁₉) - Ultra-High Permeability Soft Magnetic Alloy** #### **Overview** **Nickel 81/Iron 19 Alloy** is a premium soft magnetic material within the permalloy family, engineered to deliver exceptional magnetic performance in weak field applications. With its precise composition of approximately 81% nickel and 19% iron, this alloy achieves one of the highest magnetic permeabilities available among commercial soft magnetic materials, along with extremely low coercivity and minimal hysteresis losses. The carefully balanced composition makes it particularly suitable for sensitive electronic applications requiring precise magnetic field control and high efficiency in energy conversion. --- #### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Function | |---------|-------------|-----------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | **80.0-82.0%** | Primary element for ultra-high permeability | | **Iron (Fe)** | **Balance (~18-20%)** | Magnetic matrix formation | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **0-3.0%** | Enhances resistivity and magnetic properties | | **Copper (Cu)** | **0-2.0%** | Optional addition for property optimization | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.3-1.0%** | Deoxidizer and sulfur control | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.1-0.4%** | Deoxidizer | | **Carbon (C)** | **≤ 0.02%** | Strictly minimized for optimal soft magnetic properties | | **Sulfur (S)** | **≤ 0.008%** | Controlled impurity | --- #### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | |----------|---------------------| | **Density** | **8.76 g/cm³** | | **Melting Point** | **1430-1460°C** (2606-2660°F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | **25-35 μΩ·cm** | | **Thermal Conductivity** | **16-20 W/m·K** (at 20°C) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **12.0-13.0 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-300°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | **470-510 J/kg·K** | | **Curie Temperature** | **~450°C** (842°F) | | **Tensile Strength** | **430-520 MPa** | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **180-280 MPa** | | **Elongation** | **35-50%** | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | **145-160 GPa** | | **Hardness** | **110-150 HV** | --- #### **Magnetic Properties** | Property | Typical Value Range | |----------|---------------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | **40,000-80,000** | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | **150,000-300,000** | | **Coercive Force (Hc)** | **0.3-1.5 A/m** | | **Saturation Induction (Bsat)** | **0.70-0.80 T** | | **Residual Induction (Br)** | **0.15-0.30 T** | | **Core Losses (at 1 kHz, 0.5 T)** | **≤ 5 W/kg** | | **Hysteresis Loss** | **Extremely Low** | --- #### **Key Characteristics & Applications** **Key Characteristics:** - **Ultra-High Permeability**: Exceptional magnetic response in weak fields - **Extremely Low Coercivity**: Near-ideal soft magnetic behavior - **Minimal Hysteresis Loss**: Superior efficiency in AC applications - **Excellent Field Sensitivity**: Ideal for weak magnetic field detection - **Mechanical Sensitivity**: Requires careful handling and processing - **Predictable Thermal Behavior**: Stable performance across temperature ranges **Typical Applications:** - **Precision Magnetic Shielding**: Sensitive laboratory equipment, electron microscopes, MRI systems - **High-Performance Transformers**: Instrument transformers, current transformers, audio transformers - **Magnetic Sensors**: Fluxgate sensors, magnetometers, detection coils - **Aerospace and Defense**: Navigation systems, gyroscopes, sensitive avionics - **Telecommunications**: High-Q inductors, RF transformers, loading coils - **Medical Equipment**: MRI components, medical imaging systems, diagnostic equipment - **Research Instruments**: Mass spectrometers, particle detectors, scientific measurement devices --- #### **International Standards & Specifications** | Standard | Designation | Description | |----------|-------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | **A753 Type 4** | Nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys | | **IEC** | **60404-8-6** | Soft magnetic metallic materials | | **MIL** | **N-14411C** | Military specification (Composition 1) | | **DIN** | **17745** | German standard for NiFe alloys | | **JIS** | **C2531** | Japanese industrial standard | | **UNS** | **N14081** | Unified Numbering System | --- #### **Manufacturing & Processing** **Available Forms:** - **Ultra-Thin Strip**: 0.01 mm to 0.50 mm thickness - **Precision Wire**: 0.02 mm to 2.0 mm diameter - **Laminations**: Custom shapes for magnetic cores - **Rod & Bar**: 2 mm to 30 mm diameter - **Sheet**: Up to 3 mm thickness **Critical Processing Requirements:** - **Final Annealing**: 1100-1200°C in pure hydrogen atmosphere - **Atmosphere Purity**: Critical for achieving optimal magnetic properties - **Cooling Control**: Precisely controlled cooling rate essential - **Stress Management**: Avoid mechanical stresses after final anneal - **Surface Protection**: May require special handling to prevent contamination --- #### **Quality Control & Testing** - **Magnetic Characterization**: Comprehensive B-H curve analysis at various field strengths - **Chemical Analysis**: High-precision measurement of all elements - **Metallurgical Examination**: Grain structure analysis, inclusion assessment - **Dimensional Precision**: Critical for thin gauge materials - **Surface Quality**: Essential for optimal magnetic performance --- #### **Comparison with Related Alloys** | Property | Ni₈₁Fe₁₉ | Ni₈₀Fe₂₀ | Ni₇₇Fe₁₆Cu₅Cr₂ (Mu Metal) | |----------|-----------|-----------|----------------------------| | **Initial Permeability** | **Highest** | Very High | Highest | | **Coercive Force** | **Lowest** | Very Low | Lowest | | **Saturation Induction** | 0.70-0.80 T | 0.75-0.85 T | 0.70-0.82 T | | **Manufacturing Sensitivity** | Highest | High | Highest | --- #### **Summary** **Nickel 81/Iron 19 Alloy** represents the pinnacle of soft magnetic material technology, offering unmatched magnetic permeability and minimal energy losses in weak field applications. Its exceptional performance characteristics make it indispensable for the most demanding precision magnetic applications in scientific instrumentation, advanced telecommunications, and sensitive detection systems. While requiring the most stringent manufacturing controls and specialized heat treatment processes, this alloy delivers unparalleled performance where magnetic sensitivity and efficiency are paramount. The established international standards and decades of manufacturing experience ensure consistent quality and reliability, maintaining its status as the material of choice for the world's most critical magnetic applications across research, medical, and advanced electronic industries.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3226 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.