Nickel 80/Iron 20 Alloy,Ni20Fe Alloy,Nickel Iron Alloy，1

### **Nickel 80/Iron 20 Alloy (Ni₈₀Fe₂₀) - High Permeability Soft Magnetic Alloy** #### **Overview** **Nickel 80/Iron 20 Alloy** is a high-performance soft magnetic material belonging to the permalloy family, characterized by its exceptionally high magnetic permeability and low coercive force. With its unique composition of approximately 80% nickel and 20% iron, this alloy exhibits superior magnetic softness, making it particularly valuable for applications requiring efficient magnetic flux conduction with minimal energy loss. The material demonstrates excellent performance in weak magnetic fields and finds extensive use in precision magnetic devices and electromagnetic shielding applications. --- #### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Function | |---------|-------------|-----------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | **78.0-81.0%** | Primary element for high permeability | | **Iron (Fe)** | **Balance (~19-22%)** | Magnetic matrix formation | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **0-2.0%** | Optional addition for enhanced resistivity | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.3-1.0%** | Deoxidizer and sulfur control | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.1-0.5%** | Deoxidizer and impurity control | | **Carbon (C)** | **≤ 0.03%** | Strictly controlled for optimal magnetic properties | | **Sulfur (S)** | **≤ 0.01%** | Minimized impurity | --- #### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | |----------|---------------------| | **Density** | **8.74 g/cm³** | | **Melting Point** | **1420-1450°C** (2588-2642°F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | **20-25 μΩ·cm** | | **Thermal Conductivity** | **18-22 W/m·K** (at 20°C) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **12.5-13.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-300°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | **460-500 J/kg·K** | | **Curie Temperature** | **~460°C** (860°F) | | **Tensile Strength** | **450-550 MPa** | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **200-300 MPa** | | **Elongation** | **30-45%** | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | **150-165 GPa** | | **Hardness** | **120-160 HV** | --- #### **Magnetic Properties** | Property | Typical Value Range | |----------|---------------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | **20,000-40,000** | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | **60,000-150,000** | | **Coercive Force (Hc)** | **1.0-3.0 A/m** | | **Saturation Induction (Bsat)** | **0.75-0.85 T** | | **Residual Induction (Br)** | **0.20-0.40 T** | | **Core Losses** | **Very Low** | | **Hysteresis Loss** | **Minimal** | --- #### **Key Characteristics & Applications** **Key Characteristics:** - **Exceptionally High Permeability**: Superior magnetic response in weak fields - **Low Coercivity**: Easy magnetization and demagnetization - **Minimal Hysteresis Loss**: Excellent for AC applications - **Good Mechanical Workability**: Can be rolled into thin strips and drawn into fine wires - **Sensitivity to Mechanical Stress**: Requires careful handling and stress relief annealing - **Controlled Thermal Expansion**: Predictable dimensional changes with temperature **Typical Applications:** - **Magnetic Shielding**: Sensitive electronic components, CRTs, scientific instruments - **Transformer Cores**: Audio transformers, instrument transformers, pulse transformers - **Magnetic Recording Heads**: Tape recorder heads, magnetic sensors - **Aerospace Systems**: Navigation instruments, gyroscopes, avionics - **Telecommunications**: Inductors, loading coils, RF components - **Medical Equipment**: MRI components, medical imaging systems - **Precision Instruments**: Fluxgate magnetometers, current sensors --- #### **International Standards & Specifications** | Standard | Designation | Description | |----------|-------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | **A753 Type 4** | Nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys | | **IEC** | **60404-8-6** | Soft magnetic metallic materials | | **MIL** | **N-14411C** | Military specification (Composition 1) | | **DIN** | **17745** | German standard for NiFe alloys | | **JIS** | **C2531** | Japanese industrial standard | | **UNS** | **N14080** | Unified Numbering System | --- #### **Manufacturing & Processing** **Available Forms:** - **Cold Rolled Strip**: 0.02 mm to 3.0 mm thickness - **Wire**: 0.05 mm to 5.0 mm diameter - **Rod & Bar**: 3 mm to 50 mm diameter - **Sheet & Plate**: Up to 25 mm thickness - **Custom Cores**: Laminations, toroidal cores **Processing Guidelines:** - **Final Annealing**: 1000-1150°C in pure hydrogen or vacuum - **Cooling Rate**: Critical - controlled cooling required - **Stress Relief**: Essential after mechanical processing - **Machining**: Best performed before final heat treatment - **Surface Protection**: May require protective coatings --- #### **Quality Control & Testing** - **Magnetic Testing**: Permeability measurement, core loss analysis - **Chemical Analysis**: Spectroscopic and wet chemical methods - **Metallurgical Examination**: Grain size assessment, inclusion analysis - **Dimensional Accuracy**: Critical for precision applications - **Surface Quality**: Freedom from oxides and contaminants --- #### **Comparison with Related Alloys** | Property | Ni₈₀Fe₂₀ | Mu Metal (Ni₇₇Fe₁₆Cu₅Cr₂) | 50% Ni-Fe Alloy | |----------|-----------|----------------------------|----------------| | **Initial Permeability** | Very High | Highest | Medium | | **Saturation Induction** | Medium | Low | High | | **Resistivity** | Low | High | Medium | | **Cost** | Medium | High | Low | --- #### **Summary** **Nickel 80/Iron 20 Alloy** represents a premium soft magnetic material that delivers an outstanding combination of high permeability, low coercivity, and good mechanical properties. Its exceptional performance in weak magnetic fields makes it indispensable for precision magnetic applications in electronics, telecommunications, and instrumentation. While requiring specialized heat treatment and careful handling to achieve optimal magnetic properties, this alloy offers reliable and predictable performance in demanding applications. The well-established manufacturing processes and comprehensive international standards ensure consistent quality and performance, maintaining its status as a fundamental material in advanced magnetic device technology across multiple industries.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3225 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.