Alloy 405，Monel 405 Sheet，UNS N04405，EFORU

British Specs:，American Specs:AMS 4674 Bar and Forgings AMS 7234 QQ-N-281 MIL-N-894，German Specs:

### **Alloy 405 / Monel 405 Sheet (UNS N04405) - Product Introduction** **Overview** **Alloy 405** (Monel 405) is a free-machining nickel-copper alloy specifically engineered with controlled sulfur content to provide superior machinability while maintaining good corrosion resistance. **Monel 405 Sheet** offers manufacturers exceptional forming characteristics combined with enhanced machining performance, making it ideal for applications requiring stamping, bending, and machining operations in corrosive service environments. The UNS **N04405** designation ensures consistent material quality with optimized machining characteristics. Available in various thicknesses and tempers, Monel 405 sheet provides excellent versatility for industrial applications where both corrosion resistance and fabrication efficiency are critical requirements. --- ### **Chemical Composition** | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 (Minimum) | | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 (Maximum) | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 (Maximum) | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 (Maximum) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 (Maximum) | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 - 0.060 | **Key Feature:** The controlled sulfur addition (0.025-0.060%) significantly improves machinability by promoting the formation of manganese sulfide inclusions that act as chip breakers during machining operations. --- ### **Physical Properties** | Property | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 51 μΩ·cm at 20°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 22 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 13.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** Typical mechanical properties for Monel 405 sheet: | Condition | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (Rockwell B) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Annealed** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | 65-80 | | **Hot Rolled** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 280-410 MPa (40-60 ksi) | 30-40 | 70-85 | | **Cold Rolled** | 620-860 MPa (90-125 ksi) | 480-760 MPa (70-110 ksi) | 15-30 | 80-100 | **Machinability Rating:** 30% (Compared to 20% for Monel 400) --- ### **International Standards** | Standard Organization | Standard Number | Specification | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **ASTM** | ASTM B127 | Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip | | **ASME** | SB-127 | Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code | | **SAE** | AMS 4674 | Free-Machining Nickel-Copper Alloy Sheet | | **DIN** | 2.4362 | NiCu30FeS | | **EN** | EN 2.4362 | Nickel-Copper Alloy Sheet | | **UNS** | N04405 | Alloy 405 | --- ### **Product Specifications** **Sheet Specifications:** - **Thickness Range:** 0.018" to 0.187" (0.46mm to 4.76mm) - **Width Range:** 24" to 48" (610mm to 1219mm) - **Length Range:** 96" to 144" (2438mm to 3658mm) - **Temper:** Annealed, Quarter Hard, Half Hard, Full Hard - **Surface Finish:** 2B, No. 1, Polished **Available Conditions:** - Annealed (Soft) - Cold Rolled (Various Tempers) - Hot Rolled - Solution Annealed --- ### **Product Applications** **Chemical Processing Equipment:** - Tank linings and covers - Gaskets and seals - Reactor vessel components - Filter plates and frames - Chemical resistant enclosures **Marine and Offshore:** - Marine instrument panels - Shipbuilding components - Offshore platform panels - Seawater resistant covers - Marine hardware components **Electronics and Electrical:** - Battery enclosures - Electrical shielding - Connector components - Instrument housings - RFI/EMI shielding **Industrial Equipment:** - Machine guards and covers - Equipment panels - Wear plates - Fabricated components - Custom enclosures **Architectural Applications:** - Marine architecture - Chemical plant fixtures - Specialty architectural elements - Corrosion-resistant trim - Decorative applications --- ### **Fabrication Advantages** **Superior Machinability:** - Excellent chip formation - short, broken chips - Good surface finish in stamping and punching operations - Reduced tool wear compared to Monel 400 - Higher production speeds achievable - Suitable for complex blanking operations **Forming Characteristics:** - **Bending:** Excellent in annealed condition - **Stamping:** Good for deep drawing applications - **Punching:** Clean edges with minimal burring - **Roll Forming:** Suitable for cylindrical shapes - **Spinning:** Good for symmetrical shapes **Recommended Fabrication Parameters:** - **Punching Clearance:** 5-10% of material thickness - **Bend Radius:** 1T for 90° bends in annealed condition - **Stamping Speed:** Moderate to high speeds acceptable - **Tool Material:** Carbide or tool steel recommended --- ### **Joining Methods** **Welding Considerations:** - **Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW):** Preferred method with proper technique - **Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW):** Suitable with correct parameters - **Resistance Welding:** Good for spot and seam welding - **Filler Metal:** Monel 60 or ENiCu-7 with proper procedure **Other Joining Methods:** - **Brazing:** Excellent results with silver-based alloys - **Soldering:** Good with appropriate fluxes - **Adhesive Bonding:** Suitable with proper surface preparation - **Mechanical Fastening:** Excellent for riveted and bolted connections --- ### **Key Advantages** - **Enhanced Machinability:** 50% better machining characteristics than Monel 400 - **Excellent Formability:** Good bending and forming capabilities - **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Suitable for seawater, acids, and alkaline solutions - **Cost-Effective Production:** Reduced machining time and tooling costs - **Non-Magnetic Properties:** Essential for electronic and sensitive applications - **Consistent Quality:** Uniform properties throughout sheet material - **Surface Versatility:** Available in various finishes for different applications **Design Considerations:** - Not recommended for high-temperature oxidizing applications above 400°C - Welding requires special procedures due to sulfur content - Optimal choice for stamped and formed components - Suitable for most corrosive services except highly oxidizing conditions --- ### **Quality Assurance** **Testing and Certification:** - Chemical analysis certification - Mechanical testing verification - Surface quality inspection - Dimensional accuracy verification - Flatness and straightness checks - Mill test certificates provided Monel 405 Sheet (UNS N04405) provides manufacturers with an optimal balance of superior machinability, excellent formability, and good corrosion resistance in sheet form. Its enhanced fabrication characteristics make it particularly valuable for applications requiring stamping, bending, and machining operations in marine, chemical processing, electronics, and general industrial applications where both corrosion resistance and manufacturing efficiency are essential requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1682 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.