Alloy 405，Monel 405 Rod，UNS N04405，EFORU

British Specs:，American Specs:AMS 4674 Bar and Forgings AMS 7234 QQ-N-281 MIL-N-894，German Specs:

### **Alloy 405 / Monel 405 Rod (UNS N04405) - Product Introduction** **Overview** **Alloy 405**, commercially known as **Monel 405**, is a free-machining nickel-copper alloy supplied in rod form specifically for applications requiring extensive machining operations. This variant contains added sulfur to significantly improve machinability while maintaining good corrosion resistance. Monel 405 rod is the preferred material choice for manufacturing components where complex machining is required and corrosion resistance is essential. The UNS designation **N04405** identifies this specific chemical composition with controlled sulfur content. The rod form is particularly suited for automatic screw machines and CNC machining centers, offering excellent chip-breaking characteristics and superior surface finish. --- ### **Chemical Composition** The chemical composition is optimized for machinability while maintaining corrosion resistance. | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 (Minimum) | | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 (Maximum) | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 (Maximum) | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 (Maximum) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 (Maximum) | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 - 0.060 | **Key Point:** The sulfur addition promotes formation of manganese sulfide inclusions that act as chip breakers, providing 50% better machinability than standard Monel 400. --- ### **Physical Properties** Monel 405 rod exhibits physical properties nearly identical to Monel 400. | Property | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 51 μΩ·cm at 20°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 22 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 13.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** Typical mechanical properties for Monel 405 rod: | Condition | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (Rockwell) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Annealed** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | B65-80 | | **Cold Drawn** | 620-860 MPa (90-125 ksi) | 480-760 MPa (70-110 ksi) | 15-30 | B80-100 | | **Hot Finished** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 280-410 MPa (40-60 ksi) | 30-40 | B70-85 | --- ### **International Standards** Monel 405 rod conforms to major international standards: | Standard Organization | Standard Number | Specification | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **ASTM** | ASTM B164 | Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Rod, Bar, and Wire | | **ASME** | SB-164 | Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code | | **SAE** | AMS 4674 | Free-Machining Nickel-Copper Alloy Bars | | **DIN** | 2.4362 | NiCu30FeS | | **EN** | EN 2.4362 | Nickel-Copper Alloy Machining Rod | | **UNS** | N04405 | Alloy 405 | --- ### **Product Specifications & Applications** **Rod Specifications:** - **Diameter Range:** 1/8" to 8" (3mm to 200mm) - **Length:** Standard 12' to 20' (3.6m to 6m), cut lengths available - **Tolerances:** Standard commercial or precision machining tolerances - **Surface Finish:** Hot rolled, turned, cold drawn, or centerless ground **Automated Machining Applications:** - Screw machine products - CNC machined components - High-volume production parts - Complex geometries requiring multiple operations **Valve and Pump Components:** - Valve stems and trim - Pump shafts - Impellers - Bushings and bearings - Seal rings **Marine and Offshore:** - Marine hardware components - Submarine parts - Naval vessel fittings - Offshore platform components **Fastener Industry:** - Special corrosion-resistant bolts - Studs and nuts - Marine fasteners - Chemical processing equipment fasteners **Other Applications:** - Chemical processing equipment - Power generation components - Aerospace fittings - Food processing machinery parts --- ### **Machining Characteristics** **Machining Parameters:** - **Machinability Rating:** 30% (compared to 20% for Monel 400) - **Cutting Speed:** 40-70 SFM for turning operations - **Feed Rate:** 0.005-0.015 inches per revolution - **Tool Material:** Carbide or high-speed steel with positive rake angles **Benefits in Production:** - Excellent chip formation - short, broken chips - Good surface finish achievable - Reduced tool wear compared to Monel 400 - Higher production rates possible - Consistent machining performance --- ### **Key Advantages** - **Superior Machinability:** 50% better machinability than Monel 400, reducing production time and cost - **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Maintains excellent resistance to seawater, acids, and alkaline solutions - **Consistent Quality:** Uniform microstructure ensures predictable machining behavior - **High Strength:** Good mechanical properties maintained from cryogenic to elevated temperatures - **Non-Magnetic Properties:** Essential for applications requiring non-magnetic characteristics - **Economic Production:** Ideal for high-volume manufacturing of complex components - **Wide Availability:** Readily available in various diameters and conditions **Special Considerations:** - Not recommended for high-temperature oxidizing environments above 400°C due to sulfur content - Welding requires special procedures due to sulfur content - Suitable for most corrosive environments except highly oxidizing conditions Monel 405 Rod (UNS N04405) provides the optimal combination of machinability and corrosion resistance for manufacturing components requiring extensive machining operations. Its superior chip-breaking characteristics and consistent performance make it the material of choice for cost-effective production of corrosion-resistant parts in marine, chemical processing, and general engineering applications.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1677 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.