Waspaloy,Waspaloy Fittings,UNS N07001

Waspaloy,Waspaloy Wire,UNS N07001

aspaloy (Waspaloy Wire, UNS N07001) - Introduction with Composition, Properties, Applications and Product Forms

Waspaloy, designated by UNS N07001, is a nickel-based superalloy celebrated for its exceptional combination of high-temperature strength, creep resistance, and oxidation resistance. This alloy is specifically engineered to perform reliably in extreme thermal and mechanical environments, making it a cornerstone material in aerospace, energy, and industrial applications where components are subjected to elevated temperatures, cyclic loading, and harsh atmospheres. It is available in a comprehensive range of forms to meet diverse industrial needs, including Bar (Round bar, Flat bar), Ribbon, Wire, Rods, Tube, Pipe, Foil, Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Forging Stock. Waspaloy Wire, in particular, is valued for its uniform mechanical properties, high-temperature stability, and precision, making it ideal for welding, thermal spray coatings, and intricate components in gas turbine engines and aerospace systems. Below is a detailed overview of its chemical composition, key properties, practical applications, and available product forms.

Chemical Composition

The precisely balanced chemical composition of Waspaloy (UNS N07001) is the foundation of its exceptional high-temperature performance and corrosion resistance. The typical composition (by weight) is as follows:

Nickel (Ni): 57-59% (the primary element, forming the alloy’s matrix and providing high-temperature stability)

Chromium (Cr): 18-20% (enhances oxidation and corrosion resistance, forming a protective oxide layer at elevated temperatures)

Cobalt (Co): 12-14% (improves high-temperature strength and creep resistance)

Molybdenum (Mo): 3.0-4.0% (strengthens the alloy matrix and enhances resistance to creep)

Titanium (Ti): 2.75-3.25% (forms intermetallic precipitates, such as gamma-prime (γ’), to enhance high-temperature strength)

Aluminum (Al): 1.2-1.6% (works with titanium to form gamma-prime precipitates, further boosting strength)

Carbon (C): 0.05-0.10% (forms carbides with chromium and molybdenum, improving grain boundary strength)

Iron (Fe): ≤ 2.0% (minimized to maintain high-temperature properties)

Boron (B): 0.003-0.010% (aids in grain boundary strengthening, reducing creep rupture)

Zirconium (Zr): 0.03-0.08% (improves ductility and creep resistance by stabilizing grain boundaries)

Silicon (Si): ≤ 0.5% (aids in deoxidation during manufacturing)

Manganese (Mn): ≤ 0.5% (enhances hot workability)

This carefully engineered composition, with its blend of nickel, chromium, cobalt, and strengthening elements, delivers the alloy’s signature high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance—key to its performance in extreme thermal environments.

Key Properties

Waspaloy (Waspaloy Wire, UNS N07001) and its various forms exhibit extraordinary properties that make them indispensable in high-temperature applications:

Mechanical Properties (solution-annealed and aged condition):

Tensile strength: 1240-1450 MPa (180,000-210,000 psi) at room temperature

Yield strength (0.2% offset): 895-1035 MPa (130,000-150,000 psi) at room temperature

Elongation (in 50 mm): 15-25% (good ductility for forming and fabrication)

Reduction of area: 25-35% (excellent toughness, enabling complex shaping)

Hardness: 38-42 HRC (Rockwell hardness, reflecting high strength)

High-Temperature Properties:

Continuous service temperature: Up to 1040°C (1900°F) (maintains strength and oxidation resistance)

Creep resistance: Excellent resistance to creep deformation at temperatures up to 925°C (1700°F), with a 1000-hour creep rupture strength of ~240 MPa (34,800 psi) at 870°C (1600°F)

Oxidation resistance: Superior resistance to oxidation and scaling at temperatures up to 1100°C (2012°F), due to a dense chromium oxide layer

Thermal fatigue resistance: Withstands repeated thermal cycling without cracking, critical for components in gas turbines and aerospace systems

Corrosion Resistance:

General corrosion: Excellent resistance to atmospheric corrosion, high-temperature gases, and combustion by-products

Oxidation and sulfidation: Resists oxidation in air and sulfidation in sulfur-containing environments up to high temperatures

Chemical resistance: Withstands exposure to fuels, lubricants, and industrial chemicals, making it suitable for harsh industrial environments

Physical Properties:

Density: 8.2-8.4 g/cm³ (0.296-0.303 lb/in³)

Thermal conductivity: 11-13 W/(m·K) at 20°C (68°F); increases to 24-27 W/(m·K) at 1000°C (1832°F)

Coefficient of thermal expansion: 12-14 μm/(m·K) (20-1000°C)

Modulus of elasticity: 210-220 GPa (30,500-31,900 ksi) at room temperature; decreases to ~155 GPa (22,500 ksi) at 1000°C

Melting point: 1330-1380°C (2426-2516°F)

Product Forms

Waspaloy (UNS N07001) is manufactured in a diverse range of forms to accommodate specialized high-temperature applications:

Bar: Available as Round bar (diameters from 10 mm to 200 mm) and Flat bar (thickness 5 mm to 100 mm, width 20 mm to 500 mm), ideal for machining into turbine components, valve stems, and high-temperature fasteners.

Ribbon: Thin, flat strips (thickness 0.1 mm to 1 mm, width 5 mm to 100 mm) used in thermal spray coatings, electrical heating elements, and high-temperature seals.

Wire: Waspaloy Wire (diameters 0.5 mm to 6 mm) is widely used for welding (TIG, MIG) and thermal spray applications, as well as for manufacturing precision springs and thermocouple sheaths in high-temperature environments.

Rods: Solid cylindrical rods (diameters 3 mm to 50 mm) used for gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW) of high-temperature components.

Tube and Pipe: Hollow forms (outer diameter 6 mm to 100 mm, wall thickness 1 mm to 10 mm) for high-temperature fluid handling, such as in rocket engine coolant systems and industrial furnaces.

Foil: Ultra-thin sheets (thickness 0.02 mm to 0.1 mm) used in high-temperature gaskets, heat shields, and thin coatings for thermal management.

Plate and Sheet: Flat forms (plate: thickness 3 mm to 50 mm; sheet: 0.3 mm to 3 mm) for fabricating turbine blades, combustion liners, and heat-resistant structural components.

Strip: Narrow, flat strips (thickness 0.1 mm to 2 mm, width 3 mm to 50 mm) for precision components such as turbine seals, electrical contacts, and heat exchanger fins.

Forging Stock: Billets and ingots for hot forging into complex shapes, such as gas turbine disks, rocket engine nozzles, and high-pressure valve bodies.

Applications

The exceptional high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance of Waspaloy (Waspaloy Wire, UNS N07001) across its various forms make it a critical material in industries requiring reliable performance under extreme thermal conditions:

Aerospace and Aviation:

Gas turbine engines: Turbine disks, blades, and vanes (from plate, bar, and forging stock) for jet engines, withstanding high temperatures and centrifugal forces.

Aerospace fasteners: High-temperature bolts, nuts, and studs (from bar and wire) securing components in jet engines and aircraft structures.

Rocket propulsion systems: Combustion chambers, nozzle components, and fuel lines (from tube, forging stock, and sheet) resisting extreme heat from rocket fuel combustion.

Energy and Power Generation:

Gas turbines: Hot-section components (from plate, bar, and forging stock) for industrial gas turbines, enduring high temperatures and cyclic loading.

Waste-to-energy plants: Combustion liners and heat recovery components (from sheet and plate) withstanding corrosive and high-temperature flue gases.

Nuclear power: Heat exchanger tubes and structural components (from tube and plate) resisting radiation and high-temperature coolants.

Industrial and Manufacturing:

High-temperature furnaces: Heating elements, furnace liners, and thermocouple sheaths (from wire, tube, and foil) operating in air or inert atmospheres.

Chemical processing: Reactor components, catalyst support grids, and heat exchangers (from plate, tube, and bar) withstanding aggressive chemicals at elevated temperatures.

Metallurgical processing: Rolls, fixtures, and tooling (from bar and plate) for hot metal forming and heat treatment applications.

Defense and Military:

Missile systems: Propulsion components, guidance system parts, and heat shields (from forging stock, tube, and sheet) withstanding extreme thermal and mechanical stress.

Military aircraft engines: Critical components (from bar, plate, and forging stock) requiring high strength and durability in harsh operational environments.

Specialized Applications by Form:

Wire: Welding filler metal for joining high-temperature components, thermal spray coatings, and thermocouple wires.

Bar/Plate: Turbine disks, blades, and structural components in gas turbines and aerospace systems.

Tube/Pipe: High-temperature fluid transport in aerospace and industrial systems, such as coolant lines and fuel injectors.

Strip/Ribbon: Seals, gaskets, and heating elements in high-temperature machinery and furnaces.

In summary, Waspaloy (Waspaloy Wire, UNS N07001) — available in forms from Bar and Wire to Plate and Forging Stock — delivers exceptional high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance, and creep resistance. Its diverse product forms enable tailored solutions across aerospace, energy, industrial, and defense sectors, establishing it as a critical material in applications requiring reliable performance under extreme thermal conditions.

Packing of Standard Packing: 

Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1352 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.