Permalloy, Pipe,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:MIL-N-14411 C ASTM A753，German Specs:

### **Permalloy - Pipe Product Overview** **Permalloy** is a nickel-iron soft magnetic alloy renowned for its extremely high magnetic permeability and low coercivity. The **Pipe** form provides tubular components for applications requiring cylindrical magnetic shielding, flux conduction, and containment of magnetic fields in specialized electronic and scientific equipment. * **Common Names:** Permalloy Pipe, High Permeability Nickel-Iron Alloy Pipe * **Key Variants:** Permalloy 45 Pipe, Permalloy 80 Pipe --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** | Element | Permalloy 45 (%) | Permalloy 80 (%) | |---------|------------------|------------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 45-50 | 77-83 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | - | 0.5-2.0 | | **Copper (Cu)** | - | 3-5 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30-0.60 | 0.30-0.60 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.10-0.30 | 0.10-0.30 | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.02 max | 0.02 max | --- #### **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Density (g/cm³)** | 8.17 | 8.74 | | **Melting Point (°C)** | 1420 | 1450 | | **Curie Temperature (°C)** | 440 | 460 | | **Electrical Resistivity (μΩ·m)** | 0.45 | 0.55 | | **Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)** | 18 | 16 | | **Thermal Expansion (μm/m·°C)** | 12.0 | 12.5 | --- #### **3. Magnetic Properties** | Property | Permalloy 45 | Permalloy 80 | |----------|--------------|--------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | 2,500-4,000 | 20,000-50,000 | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | 25,000-50,000 | 70,000-150,000 | | **Saturation Induction (T)** | 1.5-1.6 | 0.70-0.82 | | **Coercive Force (A/m)** | 8-16 | 1.2-2.4 | | **Residual Induction (T)** | 0.4-0.6 | 0.15-0.30 | --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** **Pipe Mechanical Characteristics:** * **Tensile Strength:** 470-540 MPa * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 240-310 MPa * **Elongation:** 30-40% in 2 inches * **Hardness:** 63-78 HRB * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 150-155 GPa * **Burst Pressure:** Varies with wall thickness and diameter --- #### **5. Product Specifications & Applications** **Pipe Specifications:** * **Diameter Range:** 6 mm to 200 mm OD * **Wall Thickness:** 0.5 mm to 12 mm * **Length:** Standard 3-6 meters, custom lengths available * **Tolerance:** OD ±0.5%, Wall ±10% * **Surface Finish:** 3.2 μm Ra standard, 1.6 μm Ra available **Types Available:** * **Seamless Pipe:** For high-integrity magnetic applications * **Welded Pipe:** Economical option for general applications * **Annealed Pipe:** Optimized magnetic properties * **Custom Fabricated:** Special diameters and configurations **Primary Applications:** **Electronics & Instrumentation:** * **Magnetic Shielding Tubes:** Cylindrical shields for sensitive components * **Sensor Housings:** Protection tubes for magnetic sensors * **Transformer Bushings:** Magnetic flux containment components * **Electron Beam Guides:** Magnetic containment for electron optics **Scientific & Research:** * **Particle Physics:** Beam line components and magnetic shielding * **Research Apparatus:** Laboratory equipment magnetic shielding * **Cryogenic Systems:** Magnetic shielding for low-temperature applications * **Vacuum Systems:** Magnetic shielding in vacuum environments **Medical & Healthcare:** * **MRI Components:** Peripheral magnetic shielding elements * **Medical Instrumentation:** Shielding for sensitive medical devices * **Research Equipment:** Components for medical research apparatus **Industrial Applications:** * **Current Transformer Housings:** Magnetic shielding for current sensors * **Testing Equipment:** Magnetic shielding for measurement systems * **Process Control:** Magnetic protection for industrial sensors --- #### **6. International Standards** | Standard Type | Standard Number | Title / Specification | |---------------|----------------|----------------------| | **ASTM** | **ASTM A753** | Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys | | **ASTM** | **ASTM B829** | Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel Alloy Pipe | | **IEC** | **IEC 60404-8-6** | Metallic Magnetic Materials | | **MIL-SPEC** | **MIL-N-14411** | Nickel-Iron Magnetic Alloys | | **AMS** | **AMS 7701/7702** | Aerospace Material Specifications | | **DIN** | **DIN 17745** | Nickel-Iron Alloys with Special Magnetic Properties | --- #### **7. Manufacturing & Processing** **Fabrication Characteristics:** * **Machining:** Requires careful machining to avoid work hardening * **Bending:** Limited cold bending capability; anneal after severe deformation * **Welding:** Possible but degrades magnetic properties locally * **Joining:** Mechanical joining preferred over welding **Critical Heat Treatment:** * **Final Annealing:** 1100-1150°C in pure dry hydrogen atmosphere * **Stress Relief:** 400-500°C after fabrication * **Cooling Rate:** Controlled cooling >100°C/hour through Curie point * **Atmosphere Control:** Essential for optimal magnetic properties **Quality Control:** * **Dimensional Inspection:** OD, wall thickness, and ovality verification * **Magnetic Testing:** Permeability measurement on sample coupons * **Surface Examination:** Visual and microscopic surface quality assessment * **Leak Testing:** For vacuum and pressure applications --- #### **8. Design Considerations** **Wall Thickness Selection:** * **Thin Wall (0.5-1.5 mm):** For lightweight magnetic shielding * **Standard Wall (1.5-4.0 mm):** General purpose magnetic applications * **Heavy Wall (4.0-12.0 mm):** For structural and high-flux applications **Magnetic Performance Factors:** * **Shielding Effectiveness:** Increases with wall thickness and permeability * **Frequency Response:** Optimal for DC and low-frequency fields * **Geometry Impact:** Cylindrical shape provides natural magnetic path * **Joint Design:** Critical for maintaining shielding continuity --- **Summary** **Permalloy Pipe** provides a specialized tubular solution for applications requiring cylindrical magnetic shielding and flux conduction. The availability of both Permalloy 45 (with higher saturation induction) and Permalloy 80 (with higher permeability) allows engineers to select the optimal material based on specific magnetic performance requirements. The pipe form enables the creation of effective magnetic shields for cylindrical configurations, providing superior protection against electromagnetic interference and efficient magnetic flux conduction. Compliance with **ASTM A753** and other international standards ensures material consistency and performance reliability for demanding magnetic applications. Proper heat treatment in hydrogen atmosphere, careful fabrication techniques, and appropriate joint design are crucial to maintain the exceptional magnetic properties that define the Permalloy family in tubular form. These pipes are essential components in sensitive electronic instrumentation, scientific research equipment, medical devices, and industrial systems where reliable magnetic performance in cylindrical configurations is required.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2550 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.