Permalloy, Forgings,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:MIL-N-14411 C ASTM A753，German Specs:

### **Product Introduction: Permalloy Forgings** **Permalloy Forgings** represent the pinnacle of manufacturing for components requiring exceptional soft magnetic properties combined with high structural integrity. Permalloy, a nickel-iron alloy, is renowned for its high magnetic permeability, low coercivity, and near-zero magnetostriction. The forging process enhances these properties by producing a fine, uniform, and directional grain structure, resulting in superior mechanical strength, durability, and consistent magnetic performance under demanding operational conditions. Our Permalloy forgings are engineered for critical applications in aerospace, defense, and high-end electronics, where reliability and precision are non-negotiable. --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** The core of Permalloy's properties lies in its precise composition, typically with a nickel content around 80%. Common variants include: * **Permalloy 80 (80% Ni, 20% Fe):** The most common grade, offering an excellent balance of high permeability and low core loss. * **Molybdenum-Permalloy (e.g., 79% Ni, 17% Fe, 4% Mo):** The addition of Molybdenum significantly increases electrical resistivity and enhances soft magnetic properties, making it ideal for high-frequency applications. * **Other Additives:** Small amounts of Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), or Manganese (Mn) may be added to tailor specific properties like corrosion resistance or workability. **Typical Composition (Weight %):** | Element | Ni (Nickel) | Fe (Iron) | Mo (Molybdenum) | Mn (Manganese) | Cr (Chromium) | Si (Silicon) | C (Carbon) | S (Sulfur) | | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | | **Permalloy 80** | 78.0 - 81.0 | Balance | - | 0.30 - 0.60 | - | 0.10 - 0.30 | ≤ 0.03 | ≤ 0.02 | | **Mo-Permalloy** | 78.0 - 81.0 | Balance | 3.90 - 4.50 | 0.30 - 0.60 | - | 0.10 - 0.30 | ≤ 0.03 | ≤ 0.02 | --- #### **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** The forging process imparts superior mechanical characteristics compared to cast or sintered products. **A. Magnetic Properties (Annealed Condition):** * **Initial Permeability (μᵢ):** 20,000 - 100,000 (depending on grade and processing) * **Maximum Permeability (μₘₐₓ):** 70,000 - 300,000 * **Coercivity (Hc):** Very Low, typically 0.01 - 0.2 Oe * **Saturation Induction (Bs):** 0.6 - 0.8 Tesla * **Residual Induction (Br):** Very Low * **Magnetostriction:** Near-zero, minimizing dimensional changes under magnetic fields. **B. Mechanical & Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 8.70 - 8.80 g/cm³ * **Tensile Strength:** 450 - 600 MPa (65 - 85 ksi) * **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 250 - 400 MPa (35 - 60 ksi) * **Elongation:** 20% - 40% * **Hardness:** 70 - 90 HRB * **Electrical Resistivity:** 55 - 65 μΩ·cm (higher for Mo-Permalloy) * **Curie Temperature:** 460 °C (860 °F) --- #### **3. Product Applications** Permalloy Forgings are specified for components where magnetic shielding and efficient flux transfer are critical. * **Aerospace & Defense:** * **Gyroscopes and Inertial Guidance Systems:** For rotor and housing components. * **Aircraft Engine Sensors:** Shielding for magnetic pickups and sensors. * **Satellite Components:** Magnetic torquer bars and shielding for sensitive instruments. * **Electronics & Telecommunications:** * **Magnetic Shields:** Enclosures for cathode ray tubes (CRTs), photomultiplier tubes, and scientific instruments. * **Transformer Cores:** For high-performance, low-loss applications. * **Relays and Inductors:** Where precise and stable magnetic response is required. * **Industrial & Scientific:** * **High-Energy Physics:** Shielding for particle accelerators and detectors. * **Medical Imaging:** Components within MRI and other diagnostic equipment. * **Precision Instruments:** Frames and yokes for galvanometers and fluxgate magnetometers. --- #### **4. International Standards** Our Permalloy Forgings are manufactured to meet or exceed the requirements of major international standards, ensuring global compatibility and quality. * **ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials):** * **ASTM A753 / A753M:** Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron Soft Magnetic Alloys (UNS N14080 for 80% Ni Permalloy). * **ASTM F390:** Standard Test Method for Sheet Resistance of Thin Metallic Films (for reference). * **IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission):** * **IEC 60404-8-6:** Magnetic materials - Part 8-6: Specifications for individual materials - Soft magnetic metallic materials. * **Military Standards (USA):** * **MIL-N-14411C (Composition 1):** Covers 80% Nickel-Iron alloys for magnetic cores. * **Other National Standards:** * **JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards):** Various specifications for magnetic iron and steel. * **DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung):** e.g., DIN 17405 for precision alloys. --- #### **5. Key Advantages of Choosing Our Forgings** * **Superior Magnetic Performance:** The forged grain structure provides a direct path for magnetic flux, enhancing permeability and reducing hysteresis losses. * **Enhanced Mechanical Strength:** Forgings offer higher tensile strength, fatigue resistance, and impact toughness compared to cast parts. * **Directional Properties:** The grain flow can be oriented to follow the part's contour, maximizing strength in critical areas. * **Material Integrity:** The forging process eliminates internal voids and porosity, resulting in a homogeneous and reliable structure. * **Customization:** We can supply forgings in various shapes—blanks, rings, discs, and custom near-net shapes—tailored to your specific design requirements. **Contact us today to discuss how our high-performance Permalloy Forgings can be integrated into your most demanding applications.**

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2556 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.