Nickel/Iron/Molybdenum Alloy,NiFeMo Alloy,E FORU

### **Nickel-Iron-Molybdenum (NiFeMo) Alloy - High Permeability Soft Magnetic Alloy** #### **Overview** **Nickel-Iron-Molybdenum (NiFeMo) Alloy** represents a specialized class of soft magnetic materials within the nickel-iron alloy family, characterized by the strategic addition of molybdenum to enhance electrical resistivity and magnetic properties. These alloys typically contain 75-82% nickel, with molybdenum additions ranging from 2-5% and iron constituting the balance. The molybdenum addition significantly improves the alloy's electrical resistivity, reducing eddy current losses and making it particularly suitable for AC applications requiring high permeability and low core losses. --- #### **Chemical Composition (Weight % - Typical Ranges)** | Element | Content (%) | Function | |---------|-------------|-----------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | **75.0-82.0%** | Primary element for high permeability | | **Iron (Fe)** | **Balance** | Magnetic matrix formation | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **2.0-5.0%** | Increases resistivity; reduces eddy current losses | | **Copper (Cu)** | **3.0-6.0%** | Optional addition for property enhancement | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **0-2.0%** | Improves corrosion resistance | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.3-1.0%** | Deoxidizer and sulfur control | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.1-0.5%** | Deoxidizer | | **Carbon (C)** | **≤ 0.03%** | Minimized for optimal magnetic properties | --- #### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | |----------|---------------------| | **Density** | **8.60-8.80 g/cm³** | | **Melting Point** | **1420-1450°C** (2588-2642°F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | **55-65 μΩ·cm** | | **Thermal Conductivity** | **15-20 W/m·K** (at 20°C) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | **10.5-12.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C** (20-300°C) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | **460-500 J/kg·K** | | **Curie Temperature** | **350-450°C** (662-842°F) | | **Tensile Strength** | **450-600 MPa** | | **Yield Strength** | **250-400 MPa** | | **Elongation** | **25-40%** | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | **150-170 GPa** | | **Hardness** | **120-180 HV** | --- #### **Magnetic Properties** | Property | Typical Value Range | |----------|---------------------| | **Initial Permeability (μi)** | **20,000-50,000** | | **Maximum Permeability (μmax)** | **80,000-200,000** | | **Coercive Force (Hc)** | **0.5-2.0 A/m** | | **Saturation Induction (Bsat)** | **0.70-0.82 T** | | **Residual Induction (Br)** | **0.20-0.40 T** | | **Core Losses** | **Extremely Low** | --- #### **Key Characteristics & Applications** **Key Characteristics:** - **Extremely High Permeability**: Superior magnetic response at low field strengths - **Low Core Losses**: Excellent for AC applications due to high resistivity - **Low Coercivity**: Easy magnetization and demagnetization - **Good Mechanical Properties**: Balanced strength and ductility - **Sensitive to Stress**: Magnetic properties degrade with mechanical stress - **Requires Special Heat Treatment**: Hydrogen atmosphere annealing for optimal properties **Typical Applications:** - **Magnetic Shielding**: Sensitive electronic equipment, MRI rooms, scientific instruments - **Transformer Cores**: High-frequency transformers, pulse transformers - **Current Transformers**: Precision current sensing and measurement - **Magnetic Sensors**: Fluxgate sensors, magnetometers - **Aerospace & Defense**: Navigation systems, communication equipment - **Medical Devices**: MRI components, medical imaging systems - **Telecommunications**: Inductors, filters, RF components --- #### **International Standards & Specifications** | Standard | Designation | Description | |----------|-------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | **A753 Type 4** | Nickel-iron soft magnetic alloys | | **IEC** | **60404-8-6** | Soft magnetic metallic materials | | **MIL** | **N-14411C** | Military specification for magnetic alloys | | **DIN** | **17745** | German standard for NiFeMo alloys | | **JIS** | **C2531** | Japanese industrial standard | | **UNS** | **K94890** | Unified Numbering System | --- #### **Manufacturing & Processing** **Available Forms:** - **Cold Rolled Strip**: 0.05 mm to 3.0 mm thickness - **Wire**: 0.1 mm to 5.0 mm diameter - **Rod & Bar**: 3 mm to 50 mm diameter - **Custom Cores**: Laminations, toroidal cores - **Powder**: For composite materials **Processing Guidelines:** - **Final Annealing**: 1100-1150°C in pure hydrogen atmosphere - **Cooling Rate**: Controlled cooling critical for optimal properties - **Stress Relief**: Required after mechanical processing - **Machining**: Best performed before final heat treatment - **Handling**: Care required to avoid mechanical stresses --- #### **Quality Control & Testing** - **Magnetic Testing**: Permeability, core losses, B-H curve analysis - **Chemical Analysis**: Wet chemical and spectroscopic methods - **Metallurgical Examination**: Grain size, inclusion content - **Dimensional Accuracy**: Critical for laminated cores - **Surface Quality**: Freedom from oxides and contaminants --- #### **Comparison with Related Alloys** | Property | NiFeMo Alloy | Mu Metal (NiFeCuMo) | Permalloy (NiFe) | |----------|--------------|---------------------|------------------| | **Ni Content** | 75-82% | 75-80% | 78-81% | | **Resistivity** | 55-65 μΩ·cm | 55-65 μΩ·cm | 15-25 μΩ·cm | | **Initial Permeability** | 20,000-50,000 | 30,000-60,000 | 3,000-8,000 | | **Saturation** | 0.70-0.82 T | 0.70-0.82 T | 0.75-0.85 T | --- #### **Summary** **Nickel-Iron-Molybdenum (NiFeMo) Alloys** represent the pinnacle of soft magnetic material technology, offering an exceptional combination of extremely high permeability, low core losses, and good mechanical properties. The strategic addition of molybdenum significantly enhances electrical resistivity, making these alloys particularly valuable for AC applications where eddy current losses must be minimized. While requiring careful processing and handling to achieve optimal magnetic properties, NiFeMo alloys deliver unmatched performance in critical applications such as magnetic shielding, precision transformers, and sensitive measurement equipment. Their well-established position in international standards and proven reliability in demanding applications ensure their continued importance in advanced electronic, telecommunications, and measurement systems worldwide.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3222 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.