Alloy 45,Low expansion 45 Alloy Wire,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**PRODUCT DATASHEET: ALLOY 45 / LOW EXPANSION 45 ALLOY WIRE** **Precision Wire Products** --- ### **1. OVERVIEW** **Alloy 45**, commercially known as **Low Expansion 45 Alloy**, is a specialized **nickel-iron alloy** containing **45% nickel** that provides a **controlled coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE)** between traditional low-expansion alloys and standard wire materials. Manufactured as **precision wire**, this product offers exceptional dimensional stability and formability for applications requiring linear components with intermediate thermal expansion characteristics and consistent mechanical properties. --- ### **2. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (Weight %)** | Element | Alloy 45 Wire Specification | Typical Range | |------------------|-----------------------------|---------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | 44.0 – 46.0% | 44.5 – 45.5% | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Balance | | **Manganese (Mn)**| 0.30 – 0.70% | 0.40 – 0.60% | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.30% | 0.20 – 0.25% | | **Carbon (C)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Chromium (Cr)**| ≤ 0.15% | ≤ 0.10% | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Aluminum (Al)**| ≤ 0.05% | ≤ 0.03% | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | | **Phosphorus (P)**| ≤ 0.015% | ≤ 0.010% | --- ### **3. PHYSICAL & MECHANICAL PROPERTIES** | Property | Annealed Condition | Hard Drawn Condition | |---------------------------------|--------------------|----------------------| | **CTE (20–300°C)** | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 6.5 – 7.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Density (g/cm³)** | 8.17 | 8.17 | | **Tensile Strength (MPa)** | 470 – 570 | 720 – 920 | | **Yield Strength (MPa)** | 270 – 370 | 620 – 820 | | **Elongation (%)** | 28 – 38 | 6 – 12 | | **Electrical Resistivity (μΩ·m)** | 0.80 | 0.80 | | **Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K)** | 15.0 | 15.0 | | **Hardness (HV)** | 135 – 175 | 210 – 260 | --- ### **4. INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & EQUIVALENTS** | Standard Organization | Designation & Specification | |-----------------------|----------------------------| | **Proprietary** | Alloy 45, Nilo 45 | | **Custom Standards** | Customer-specific specifications | | **Similar Standards** | Based on ASTM B749 framework | | **European** | Similar to Ni45Fe series | | **Japanese** | Similar to C45N series | --- ### **5. WIRE SPECIFICATIONS** #### **5.1 Diameter Ranges** - **Fine Wire**: 0.05 mm to 0.50 mm (±0.002 mm) - **Medium Wire**: 0.50 mm to 2.00 mm (±0.005 mm) - **Coarse Wire**: 2.00 mm to 6.00 mm (±0.01 mm) - **Special Sizes**: Custom diameters available #### **5.2 Temper Conditions** - **Annealed (Soft)**: Optimal for forming and weaving - **Quarter-Hard**: Good formability with moderate strength - **Half-Hard**: Balanced formability and spring properties - **Hard Drawn**: Maximum strength for spring applications #### **5.3 Surface Finish** - **Bright Finish**: Standard smooth surface - **Oxidized Finish**: Heat-treated oxide layer - **Coated Wire**: Tin, nickel, or silver plated - **Special Finish**: Custom surface treatments available --- ### **6. PRODUCT APPLICATIONS** #### **6.1 Electronics & Electrical** - **Specialized Lead Wires**: Custom electronic components - **Resistor Wire Elements**: Intermediate CTE applications - **Connector Pins**: Electronic connector components - **Fuse Elements**: Custom current-limiting applications #### **6.2 Glass & Ceramic Sealing** - **Feedthrough Wires**: Intermediate expansion sealing - **Header Pins**: Custom package lead wires - **Sealing Elements**: Hermetic sealing applications - **Support Wires**: Assembly support elements #### **6.3 Precision Instruments** - **Instrument Springs**: Control and mechanism springs - **Measuring Wires**: Dimensional measurement elements - **Optical Alignment Wires**: Precision alignment components - **Sensor Elements**: Measurement and detection wires #### **6.4 Industrial Applications** - **Spring Components**: Custom spring applications - **Weaving Wires**: Specialized weaving applications - **Fastener Wires**: Custom fastener components - **Specialty Cables**: Custom cable core wires --- ### **7. TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES** #### **7.1 Thermal Performance** - **Controlled CTE**: Intermediate expansion characteristics - **Thermal Stability**: Maintains properties across temperature ranges - **Low Thermal EMF**: Suitable for precision measurement - **Heat Resistance**: Service up to 450°C continuous #### **7.2 Mechanical Properties** - **Excellent Formability**: Can be bent, coiled, and shaped - **Good Spring Properties**: Suitable for spring applications - **High Strength**: Maintains integrity in thin diameters - **Fatigue Resistance**: Excellent for dynamic applications #### **7.3 Electrical Characteristics** - **Controlled Resistivity**: Consistent electrical properties - **Stable Characteristics**: Minimal aging effects - **Welding Compatibility**: Good weldability characteristics - **Surface Quality**: Excellent for plating and coating --- ### **8. PROCESSING CHARACTERISTICS** #### **8.1 Forming & Fabrication** - **Bending**: Minimum bend radius 1× diameter - **Coiling**: Suitable for precision spring coiling - **Heading**: Can be upset and formed - **Swaging**: Compatible with swaging operations #### **8.2 Joining Methods** - **Resistance Welding**: Excellent weldability - **TIG Welding**: Suitable for precision welding - **Laser Welding**: Ideal for micro-joining - **Brazing**: Compatible with standard brazing alloys #### **8.3 Heat Treatment** - **Annealing**: 800-850°C in protective atmosphere - **Stress Relieving**: 550-600°C for 15-30 minutes - **Grain Size Control**: ASTM 6-8 for optimal properties - **Atmosphere**: Protective atmosphere recommended --- ### **9. QUALITY ASSURANCE** #### **9.1 Dimensional Control** - **Diameter Tolerance**: Continuously monitored during drawing - **Surface Quality**: 100% visual inspection for critical grades - **Roundness**: Controlled to tight tolerances - **Length Accuracy**: Precise cut-length control #### **9.2 Material Testing** - **Chemical Analysis**: Spectrometer verification for each heat - **Mechanical Testing**: Tensile and elongation testing - **Surface Inspection**: Microscope examination for defects - **Electrical Testing**: Resistivity verification #### **9.3 Special Testing** - **CTE Verification**: Precision thermal expansion measurement - **Weldability Testing**: Joint strength and quality assessment - **Cleanliness Testing**: Surface contamination analysis - **Metallographic Examination**: Grain structure evaluation --- ### **10. PACKAGING OPTIONS** #### **10.1 Standard Packaging** - **Spool Sizes**: 5 kg to 200 kg capacity - **Coil Dimensions**: Custom sizes available - **Protective Wrapping**: Anti-corrosion papers and films - **Identification**: Continuous marking with specifications #### **10.2 Special Requirements** - **Cleanroom Packaging**: Available for critical applications - **ESD Protection**: Anti-static packaging materials - **Vacuum Sealing**: Moisture-proof packaging - **Custom Labeling**: Customer-specific identification --- ### **11. INDUSTRY COMPLIANCE** - **Electronics**: Customer-specific electronic standards - **Automotive**: Custom automotive requirements - **Aerospace**: Special aerospace specifications - **Medical**: Custom medical device requirements - **General**: Customer quality system requirements --- **Note:** Alloy 45 wire is typically supplied against specific customer requirements. For applications requiring unique diameter tolerances, special temper conditions, or customized testing, consultation with our technical team is essential. Sample materials and technical support are available for application development and process optimization.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2481 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.