Alloy 405，Monel 405 Tube，UNS N04405，EFORU

British Specs:，American Specs:AMS 4674 Bar and Forgings AMS 7234 QQ-N-281 MIL-N-894，German Specs:

### **Alloy 405 / Monel 405 Tube (UNS N04405) - Product Introduction** **Overview** **Alloy 405** (Monel 405) is a free-machining nickel-copper alloy specifically designed with controlled sulfur content to enhance machinability while maintaining good corrosion resistance. **Monel 405 Tube** provides the ideal combination of superior machining characteristics and corrosion resistance for tubular applications requiring extensive fabrication, modification, or precision machining. This product is particularly valuable in applications where complex tube configurations, custom fittings, or precise dimensional requirements are necessary. The UNS **N04405** designation ensures consistent material quality with optimized machining performance. The tube form is available in both seamless and welded constructions, offering design flexibility for various industrial applications. --- ### **Chemical Composition** | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 (Minimum) | | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 (Maximum) | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 (Maximum) | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 (Maximum) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 (Maximum) | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025 - 0.060 | **Key Feature:** The sulfur addition (0.025-0.060%) significantly improves machinability by promoting the formation of manganese sulfide inclusions that act as chip breakers during machining operations. --- ### **Physical Properties** | Property | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 51 μΩ·cm at 20°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 22 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 13.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** Typical mechanical properties for Monel 405 tube: | Condition | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (Rockwell B) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Annealed** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | 65-80 | | **As-Fabricated** | 580-720 MPa (84-104 ksi) | 280-420 MPa (41-61 ksi) | 30-40 | 70-85 | **Machinability Rating:** 30% (Compared to 20% for Monel 400) --- ### **International Standards** | Standard Organization | Standard Number | Specification | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **ASTM** | ASTM B165 | Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Seamless Pipe and Tube | | **ASTM** | ASTM B725 | Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube | | **ASME** | SB-165 | Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code | | **ASME** | SB-725 | Welded Tube for Pressure Applications | | **DIN** | 2.4362 | NiCu30FeS | | **EN** | EN 2.4362 | Nickel-Copper Alloy Tube | --- ### **Product Specifications** **Tube Specifications:** - **Outside Diameter:** 1/8" to 4" (3.2mm to 101.6mm) - **Wall Thickness:** 0.028" to 0.165" (0.71mm to 4.19mm) - **Length:** Standard 20 feet, custom lengths available - **Tolerance:** Standard ASTM tolerances or custom requirements - **Types:** Seamless, Welded & Drawn, Welded & Annealed **Available Conditions:** - Annealed - Stress Relieved - Hard Drawn - Half-Hard --- ### **Product Applications** **Heat Exchanger Applications:** - Condenser tubes requiring machined ends - Heat exchanger U-tubes - Feedwater heater tubes - Shell and tube heat exchangers - Custom heat transfer applications **Instrumentation Systems:** - Pressure gauge tubes - Instrumentation capillary tubes - Sensor housings - Control system tubing - Pneumatic control lines **Marine and Offshore:** - Marine heat exchanger tubes - Instrumentation tubing for ships - Hydraulic line tubing - Seawater sampling lines - Naval vessel tubing systems **Chemical Processing:** - Chemical instrument lines - Sample tubing - Process analyzer tubing - Chemical injection lines - Reactor instrumentation tubes **Specialized Applications:** - Pharmaceutical processing tubing - Food and beverage industry - Semiconductor manufacturing - Aerospace instrumentation - Nuclear instrumentation --- ### **Machining Advantages** **Superior Machinability Characteristics:** - **Chip Formation:** Produces small, broken chips instead of long, continuous chips - **Surface Finish:** Excellent surface finish in machining and cutting operations - **Tool Life:** Extended tool life compared to Monel 400 - **Machining Speed:** Higher cutting speeds achievable - **Precision Machining:** Excellent for close-tolerance applications **Recommended Machining Parameters:** - **Cutting Speed:** 40-70 SFM for turning operations - **Feed Rate:** 0.003-0.010 inches per revolution - **Tool Material:** Carbide tools with positive rake angles - **Coolant:** Water-soluble oils recommended --- ### **Fabrication Capabilities** **Tube Fabrication:** - **Bending:** Excellent bendability in annealed condition - **Flaring:** Good flaring characteristics - **Swaging:** Suitable for swaging operations - **Beading:** Can be beaded for mechanical joints - **Threading:** Excellent threading capabilities **Joining Methods:** - **Welding:** Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) with proper procedures - **Brazing:** Suitable for brazing operations - **Mechanical Joints:** Flaring, compression fittings - **Soldering:** Can be soldered with appropriate fluxes --- ### **Key Advantages** - **Enhanced Machinability:** 50% better machining characteristics than Monel 400 - **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Maintains resistance to seawater, acids, and alkaline solutions - **Precision Fabrication:** Ideal for applications requiring complex machining operations - **Non-Magnetic Properties:** Essential for sensitive electronic and instrumentation applications - **Temperature Capability:** Serviceable from cryogenic to 400°C (750°F) - **Economic Production:** Reduced machining costs for complex tube configurations - **Consistent Performance:** Reliable service in corrosive environments **Design Considerations:** - Not recommended for high-temperature oxidizing applications above 400°C - Welding requires special procedures due to sulfur content - Optimal choice for instrumentation and heat exchanger applications - Suitable for most corrosive services except highly oxidizing conditions --- ### **Quality Assurance** **Testing and Certification:** - Hydrostatic testing - Eddy current testing - Ultrasonic examination - Dimensional verification - Chemical analysis certification - Mechanical testing certification Monel 405 Tube (UNS N04405) offers an exceptional balance of machinability and corrosion resistance for tubular applications requiring precision fabrication and reliable performance in corrosive environments. Its superior machining characteristics make it particularly valuable for instrumentation, heat exchanger, and specialized applications where complex tube configurations and precise dimensional control are essential requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1680 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.