Alloy 401,Monel 401 Forgings,,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:

**Technical Datasheet: Monel® 401 Forgings (UNS N04401)** --- ### **Overview** Monel® 401 Forgings (UNS N04401) are high-integrity components manufactured through controlled forging processes from nickel-copper alloy. These forgings offer enhanced mechanical properties, refined grain structure, and improved directional strength, making them ideal for applications requiring precise thermal expansion control and excellent electrical conductivity in demanding service environments. --- ### **Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Role | |---------|-------------|------| | Nickel (Ni) | 40.0-45.0 | Base element, provides matrix structure | | Copper (Cu) | Balance (~52-57) | Electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance | | Iron (Fe) | 1.0-2.0 | Strength enhancement | | Manganese (Mn) | 1.5-2.5 | Deoxidizer, improves hot workability | | Silicon (Si) | 0.1-0.5 | Deoxidizer | | Carbon (C) | 0.1-0.25 | Strength enhancement | | Sulfur (S) | ≤0.015 | Controlled impurity | | Magnesium (Mg) | 0.05-0.20 | Desulfurization, grain refinement | --- ### **Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | Density | 8.83 g/cm³ (0.319 lb/in³) | | Melting Range | 1300-1350°C (2370-2460°F) | | Thermal Conductivity | 25.2 W/m·K (at 20°C) | | Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 14.5 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | Specific Heat Capacity | 440 J/kg·K | | Electrical Resistivity | 0.49 μΩ·m | | Modulus of Elasticity | 179 GPa (26 × 10⁶ psi) | | Magnetic Permeability | <1.005 (slightly magnetic when cold worked) | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** **Annealed Condition:** - **Tensile Strength**: 480-550 MPa (70-80 ksi) - **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**: 170-240 MPa (25-35 ksi) - **Elongation**: 35-45% - **Reduction of Area**: 50-60% - **Hardness**: HRB 65-75 **Cold Worked Condition:** - **Tensile Strength**: 620-690 MPa (90-100 ksi) - **Yield Strength**: 480-550 MPa (70-80 ksi) - **Elongation**: 15-25% - **Hardness**: HRB 85-95 --- ### **Forging Process Specifications** **Forging Temperature Range:** - **Heating Temperature**: 1000-1150°C (1830-2100°F) - **Forging Start Temperature**: 950-1100°C (1740-2010°F) - **Forging Finish Temperature**: 850°C (1560°F) minimum **Heat Treatment:** - **Solution Annealing**: 870-980°C (1600-1800°F) - **Soaking Time**: 30-60 minutes per inch of thickness - **Cooling**: Rapid water quench or air cool - **Stress Relieving**: 480-650°C (900-1200°F) when required --- ### **Product Applications** **Electronic & Electrical Components:** - Lead frame supports - Connector bodies - Semiconductor equipment parts - Vacuum system components - Power distribution elements **Industrial Equipment:** - Valve bodies and stems - Pump shafts and impellers - Chemical processing equipment - Marine hardware components - Heat exchanger parts **Specialized Applications:** - Glass-to-metal seal assemblies - Cryogenic equipment parts - Aerospace components - Nuclear instrumentation - Research apparatus --- ### **Forging Capabilities** **Manufacturing Methods:** - Open-die forgings - Closed-die forgings - Ring rolling - Press forgings **Available Forms:** - Bars and billets - Blocks and blanks - Custom-shaped components - Near-net shapes **Size Range:** - **Weight**: Up to 1000 kg - **Dimensions**: Custom sizes available - **Complexity**: Simple to complex geometries --- ### **Fabrication Characteristics** **Machining:** - Good machinability in annealed condition - Recommended cutting speeds: 20-35 m/min - Use positive rake angles and sharp tools - Suitable for precision machining operations **Welding:** - Good weldability using GTAW process - Use matching filler metals - Pre-heat generally not required - Post-weld heat treatment recommended **Quality Testing:** - Ultrasonic examination - Magnetic particle inspection - Dye penetrant testing - Mechanical property verification --- ### **International Standards** | Standard Organization | Standard Number | Description | |----------------------|-----------------|-------------| | **ASTM** | B564 | Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings | | **ASME** | SB-564 | Code-approved forgings specification | | **SAE** | AMS 7232 | Electronic Components, Glass Sealing Alloy | | **UNS** | N04401 | Unified Numbering System | | **DIN** | 2.4360 | Material Number 2.4360 | | **ISO** | 9724 | Nickel alloy forgings for general purposes | --- ### **Quality Assurance** - Complete traceability from melt to finished forging - Chemical composition certification - Mechanical property testing reports - Non-destructive testing certification - Heat treatment documentation - Dimensional inspection reports - EN 10204 3.1/3.2 certification available --- ### **Key Advantages** 1. **Enhanced mechanical properties** through optimized grain flow 2. **Controlled thermal expansion** for precision applications 3. **Excellent electrical conductivity** 4. **Good corrosion resistance** in various environments 5. **Superior structural integrity** for critical applications --- **Notes:** - "Monel" is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation - All forgings supplied with complete material certification - Custom shapes and sizes available upon request - Consult technical experts for specific application requirements *For detailed technical assistance and application engineering support, contact materials engineering specialists.*

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2933 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.