Alloy 400，Monel 400 Other/Similar Specs，UNS N04400，EFORU

British Specs:BS 3072 BS 3073 BS 3074 BS 3075 BS 3076 NA11，American Specs:AMS 4574 Tube AMS 4575 (Tube *) AMS 4675 Bar and Forgings AMS 4730 Wire AMS 4731 Wire and Ribbon AMS 4544 Sheet, Strip and Plate QQ-N-281 ASTM B164，German Specs:

### **Alloy 400 / Monel 400 & Similar Specifications (UNS N04400) - Technical Overview** **Overview** **Alloy 400** (commercially known as **Monel 400**) represents a class of nickel-copper alloys that demonstrate exceptional corrosion resistance in various aggressive environments. While UNS N04400 is the primary specification, several equivalent and similar specifications exist across different international standards and industry applications. This overview covers the core material along with its various international designations and comparable specifications. The fundamental characteristics of this alloy family include excellent resistance to seawater and brine, good mechanical properties from cryogenic to elevated temperatures (~540°C), and outstanding performance in acidic and alkaline environments. --- ### **Chemical Composition** The base chemical composition remains consistent across major specifications: | Element | Content (%) (ASTM B127/ASME SB-127) | | :--- | :--- | | **Nickel (Ni)** | 63.0 (Minimum) | | **Copper (Cu)** | 28.0 - 34.0 | | **Iron (Fe)** | 2.5 (Maximum) | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 2.0 (Maximum) | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.3 (Maximum) | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.5 (Maximum) | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.024 (Maximum) | **Note:** Minor variations in impurity elements may exist between different international standards while maintaining the same essential nickel-copper balance. --- ### **Physical Properties** Consistent physical properties across all specifications: | Property | Value | | :--- | :--- | | **Density** | 8.80 g/cm³ (0.318 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1350 °C (2460 °F) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 51 μΩ·cm at 20°C | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 22 W/m·K at 20°C | | **Thermal Expansion Coefficient** | 13.9 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- ### **Mechanical Properties** Typical mechanical properties for annealed condition across specifications: | Form | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation (%) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Sheet/Plate** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | | **Bar & Rod** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 280-410 MPa (40-60 ksi) | 30-40 | | **Tube & Pipe** | 550-690 MPa (80-100 ksi) | 240-380 MPa (35-55 ksi) | 35-45 | --- ### **International Standards & Cross-References** **Primary U.S. Standards:** - **ASTM B127** - Plate, Sheet, and Strip - **ASTM B164** - Rod, Bar, and Wire - **ASTM B165** - Seamless Pipe and Tube - **ASME SB-127, SB-164, SB-165** - Pressure Vessel Applications - **AMS 4676** - Bar and Forging Stock - **MIL-N-894** - Military Specification **European Equivalents:** - **DIN 2.4360** / **NiCu30Fe** - **EN 2.4360** (European Norm) - **BS NA 13** (British Standard) - **AFNOR NU-30M** (French Standard) **Other International Standards:** - **ISO 6208** - Plate, Sheet and Strip - **JIS NW 4400** (Japanese Standard) - **GOST MHZh 5-1** (Russian Standard) **Notable Similar Specifications:** - **Monel 404** - Similar composition with controlled iron for specific electronic applications - **Monel R405** - Contains added sulfur for improved machinability - **NAS NW 4400** (Japanese Aerospace) --- ### **Product Applications Across Specifications** **Marine & Offshore (All Standards):** - Seawater piping systems and components - Pump shafts and impellers - Marine fasteners and fittings - Heat exchanger tubes - Desalination plant equipment **Chemical Processing:** - Process vessels and reactors - Acid manufacturing equipment - Chemical transfer systems - Evaporator bodies - Mixing tanks and agitators **Oil & Gas Industry:** - Wellhead components - Production platform equipment - Refinery process units - Heat exchanger bundles - Valve trim and components **Specialized Applications:** - **Aerospace:** AMS specifications for engine components - **Power Generation:** Nuclear and conventional power plant components - **Architectural:** Marine architectural features - **Medical:** Surgical instruments (specific high-purity variants) --- ### **Key Advantages & Selection Considerations** **Universal Advantages:** - **Consistent Performance:** Maintains properties across international specifications - **Proven Reliability:** Decades of successful service history - **Manufacturing Versatility:** Suitable for all standard fabrication methods - **Non-Magnetic:** All specifications maintain essentially non-magnetic characteristics - **Temperature Stability:** Reliable performance from cryogenic to elevated temperatures **Specification Selection Guidelines:** - **Pressure Applications:** ASME SB specifications for code compliance - **Aerospace:** AMS standards for flight-critical components - **International Projects:** DIN/EN standards for European markets - **General Corrosion Service:** ASTM standards for industrial applications - **Special Requirements:** Consult specific standards for unique application needs **Quality Assurance:** All specifications include requirements for: - Chemical analysis verification - Mechanical testing - Non-destructive examination (where applicable) - Dimensional verification - Certification and traceability --- ### **Conclusion** The Monel 400/Alloy 400 family (UNS N04400 and equivalents) represents a robust, well-characterized material system with comprehensive international standardization. While minor variations exist between different national standards, the essential characteristics of excellent corrosion resistance, good mechanical properties, and fabrication versatility remain consistent. Engineers can confidently specify this alloy family knowing that equivalent materials are available globally, supported by extensive service experience and rigorous quality standards.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1673 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.