Alloy 301,Duranickel 301,，EFORU

### **Alloy 301 / Duranickel® 301 (UNS N03301) - Technical Datasheet** --- #### **1. Overview** **Duranickel® 301** is a precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy renowned for its unique combination of high strength, excellent spring properties, and good corrosion resistance. This age-hardenable alloy can achieve tensile strengths exceeding 150 ksi (1034 MPa) while maintaining valuable characteristics of nickel, including good electrical conductivity and magnetic properties. Originally developed for spring applications requiring high reliability and corrosion resistance, it serves across various demanding industries. --- #### **2. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The composition enables precipitation hardening while maintaining nickel's beneficial properties. | Element | Content (%) | Role & Benefit | |---------|-------------|----------------| | **Nickel (Ni)** | ≥ 93.0 | Base element providing corrosion resistance and matrix | | **Titanium (Ti)** | 4.0 - 4.75 | Primary precipitation hardening element (forms Ni₃Ti) | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 0.25 - 1.00 | Secondary hardening element | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.50 - 1.00 | Strengthening and deoxidizer | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.50 - 1.00 | Deoxidizer and hot workability | | **Iron (Fe)** | 0.50 max | Controlled impurity | | **Copper (Cu)** | 0.25 max | Controlled residual element | | **Carbon (C)** | 0.15 max | Controlled for optimal strength-ductility balance | | **Sulfur (S)** | 0.01 max | Tightly controlled impurity | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | 0.05 - 0.15 | Grain refinement and sulfur control | *Note: "Duranickel" is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation* --- #### **3. Physical Properties** The physical properties support its use in precision applications. | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 8.25 g/cm³ (0.298 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1435-1445°C (2615-2635°F) | | **Specific Heat (20°C)** | 460 J/kg·K | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 17.2 W/m·K (at 20°C) | | **Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 13.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-300°C) | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.45 μΩ·m | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 186 GPa (27 × 10⁶ psi) | | **Magnetic Permeability** | Essentially non-magnetic | --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties** Properties vary significantly with heat treatment condition. **Solution Annealed Condition:** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Tensile Strength** | 620-760 MPa (90-110 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 240-415 MPa (35-60 ksi) | | **Elongation** | 35-45% | | **Hardness** | 85-95 HRB | **Precipitation Hardened Condition:** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Tensile Strength** | 1240-1520 MPa (180-220 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 1030-1380 MPa (150-200 ksi) | | **Elongation** | 10-20% | | **Hardness** | 36-44 HRC | --- #### **5. Heat Treatment** **Solution Treatment:** 980°C (1800°F) for 1 hour, rapid cool **Aging Treatment:** 595-620°C (1100-1150°F) for 12-16 hours, air cool --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Duranickel 301** serves in demanding applications requiring high strength and reliability: - **Spring Applications:** - High-performance valve springs - Instrument springs - Diaphragm springs - Precision mechanical springs - **Aerospace & Defense:** - Aircraft control system components - Missile guidance systems - Satellite mechanisms - High-reliability fasteners - **Electronics & Electrical:** - Relay components - Connector contacts - Electrical spring contacts - Miniature precision parts - **Industrial Equipment:** - High-strength fasteners - Valve components - Pump parts - Surgical instruments - **Oil & Gas:** - Downhole tool components - Wellhead equipment springs - Measurement while drilling tools --- #### **7. International Standards** The material conforms to various international specifications: | Standard | Specification | |----------|---------------| | **ASTM** | ASTM B805 - Precipitation-Hardenable Nickel Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire
ASTM F2063 - Wrought Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys | | **UNS** | UNS N03301 | | **AMS** | AMS 5549, AMS 5550 | | **Aerospace** | AMS 5549 (Sheet, Strip, Plate)
AMS 5550 (Wire) | | **Military** | MIL-N-23685 | --- #### **8. Corrosion Resistance** - **Good** resistance to caustic alkalis - **Excellent** performance in neutral and alkaline salts - **Good** resistance to fresh and marine waters - **Moderate** resistance to dilute non-oxidizing acids - **Poor** resistance to oxidizing acids and ammonium salts - **Superior** stress corrosion cracking resistance compared to high-strength steels --- #### **9. Fabrication Characteristics** - **Machining:** Best machined in solution annealed condition - **Forming:** Good formability in annealed condition - **Welding:** Weldable using GTAW with matching filler metal - **Heat Treatment:** Requires precise control of aging parameters - **Spring Forming:** Typically formed in annealed condition, then aged --- #### **10. Special Properties** - **Spring Properties:** Excellent spring characteristics with high proportional limit - **Fatigue Resistance:** Good fatigue strength in high-strength condition - **Relaxation Resistance:** Excellent resistance to stress relaxation at moderate temperatures - **Temperature Capability:** Suitable for service up to 315°C (600°F) - **Non-Magnetic:** Essentially non-magnetic in all conditions --- #### **11. Summary** **Duranickel® 301 (UNS N03301)** represents a premier precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy that delivers an exceptional combination of very high strength and valuable nickel alloy characteristics. Its ability to achieve strengths exceeding 150 ksi while maintaining good corrosion resistance and non-magnetic properties makes it ideal for critical spring applications, aerospace components, and high-reliability industrial parts. The alloy's unique response to heat treatment allows designers to tailor mechanical properties for specific applications, while its excellent relaxation resistance ensures long-term performance stability. Governed by comprehensive standards including AMS 5549-5550 and ASTM specifications, Duranickel 301 continues to be the material of choice for applications where high strength, reliability, and corrosion resistance are simultaneously required.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1720 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.