Alloy 28，Incoloy 028 Bar(Round bar, Flat bar)，UNS N08028,E FORU

British Specs:，American Specs:，German Specs:WS 1.4563

**Product Name:** Alloy 28 / Incoloy® 028 Bar (Round Bar & Flat Bar) | UNS N08028 **Material Type:** Nickel-Iron-Chromium-Molybdenum Austenitic Stainless Steel Bar **Standard:** ASTM B668, ASME SB668, ASTM A479, ASTM A484 --- ### **Overview** Alloy 28 Bar (UNS N08028), commercially known as **Incoloy® 028**, is a nickel-iron-chromium-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel available in both round bar and flat bar forms. This alloy is specifically engineered for superior performance in sulfuric acid environments and other aggressive chemical media. The bar products offer exceptional corrosion resistance combined with excellent mechanical properties and fabrication characteristics, making them ideal for manufacturing critical components across various industries. --- ### **Key Advantages** - **Exceptional Sulfuric Acid Resistance:** Optimized performance in sulfuric acid service across various concentrations - **Superior Chloride Resistance:** Excellent resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion - **Enhanced Mechanical Properties:** Optimal strength-to-toughness ratio - **Excellent Fabricability:** Good machinability and weldability characteristics - **High Temperature Performance:** Maintains properties at elevated temperatures - **Versatile Product Forms:** Available in round bar and flat bar configurations --- ### **Chemical Composition (Typical Weight %)** | Element | Content (%) | Element | Content (%) | |---------|-------------|---------|-------------| | Nickel (Ni) | 29.0-32.0 | Chromium (Cr) | 26.0-28.0 | | Iron (Fe) | Balance | Molybdenum (Mo) | 3.0-4.0 | | Copper (Cu) | 0.6-1.4 | Manganese (Mn) | ≤2.0 | | Silicon (Si) | ≤1.0 | Carbon (C) | ≤0.03 | | Nitrogen (N) | 0.15-0.25 | Phosphorus (P) | ≤0.03 | | Sulfur (S) | ≤0.03 | | | --- ### **Physical & Mechanical Properties** #### **Physical Properties** - **Density:** 8.0 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³) - **Melting Range:** 1370-1400°C (2500-2550°F) - **Thermal Expansion Coefficient:** 15.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 200 GPa (29 × 10⁶ psi) - **Thermal Conductivity:** 12.0 W/m·K at 100°C - **Electrical Resistivity:** 0.85 μΩ·m at 20°C #### **Mechanical Properties (Annealed Condition)** | Property | Round Bar | Flat Bar | |----------|-----------|----------| | Tensile Strength | 600-750 MPa | 580-720 MPa | | Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | 300-400 MPa | 290-380 MPa | | Elongation | 35-50% | 40-55% | | Hardness | 170-220 HB | 160-210 HB | | Reduction of Area | 45-65% | 50-70% | --- ### **Product Specifications** #### **Round Bar Specifications** - **Diameter Range:** 1/8" to 24" (3mm to 600mm) - **Length:** Standard 10-20 feet, custom lengths available - **Tolerances:** Per ASTM A484 requirements - **Surface Finish:** Hot finished, cold finished, centerless ground, polished - **Condition:** Solution annealed and pickled #### **Flat Bar Specifications** - **Thickness:** 1/8" to 6" (3mm to 150mm) - **Width:** 1/2" to 12" (12mm to 300mm) - **Length:** Standard 10-20 feet, cut to size available - **Edge Conditions:** Square edges, rounded corners available - **Surface:** Hot rolled, annealed, and descaled --- ### **International Standards & Certifications** - **UNS:** N08028 - **ASTM:** B668, A479, A484 - **ASME:** SB668, SA479 - **EN:** 1.4563 (X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4) - **DIN:** 2.4603 - **Certifications:** NACE MR0175/ISO 15156, PED 2014/68/EU --- ### **Applications** #### **Chemical Processing Industry** - Pump shafts and impellers - Valve stems and components - Mixer shafts and agitators - Fasteners and stud bolts - Reactor internals and accessories - Heat exchanger parts #### **Oil & Gas Industry** - Downhole tool components - Valve trim parts - Pump components for corrosive service - Wellhead components - Pipeline fittings #### **Pollution Control Equipment** - Scrubber system components - FGD system parts - Waste water treatment equipment - Flue gas desulfurization components #### **Pulp & Paper Industry** - Digester components - Bleaching equipment parts - Chemical recovery system components #### **Industrial Applications** - Structural supports in corrosive environments - Machine components for chemical service - Bearing surfaces - Specialized fasteners --- ### **Fabrication Characteristics** #### **Machining** - **Machinability Rating:** 45-55% of B1112 steel - **Cutting Speed:** 35-55 SFPM for turning operations - **Tool Geometry:** Positive rake angles recommended - **Coolant:** Essential for optimal tool life and surface finish #### **Welding** - **Recommended Processes:** GTAW, GMAW, SMAW - **Filler Metals:** Alloy 28, ERNiCrMo-4, ENiCrMo-4 - **Preheat:** Not required - **Post-Weld Heat Treatment:** Generally not necessary #### **Forming & Bending** - **Cold Forming:** Good capabilities - **Bend Radius:** 2-3 times thickness for flat bar - **Hot Working:** 1150-1250°C (2100-2280°F) - **Springback Considerations:** Account for material elasticity --- ### **Corrosion Resistance** #### **Chemical Resistance Profile** - **Excellent Resistance:** Sulfuric acid (various concentrations and temperatures) - **Good Resistance:** Phosphoric acid, nitric acid, organic acids - **Chloride Resistance:** Superior pitting and crevice corrosion resistance - **Limitations:** Not recommended for hydrochloric acid service #### **Special Features** - High chromium content provides excellent oxidation resistance - Molybdenum enhances resistance to localized corrosion - Copper addition improves resistance to sulfuric acid - Balanced composition for wide pH range coverage --- ### **Quality Assurance** #### **Testing & Certification** - Chemical analysis certification - Mechanical property testing - Corrosion testing per ASTM G48 - Non-destructive testing available - Full material traceability #### **Quality Standards** - Mill test certificates to EN 10204 3.1/3.2 - Ultrasonic testing per ASTM A388 - Dimensional verification per applicable standards - Surface quality inspection --- ### **Packaging & Handling** - Individual protection for finished surfaces - Moisture-resistant wrapping - Proper identification and tagging - Special packaging for polished surfaces - Secure bundling for flat bars --- ### **Conclusion** Alloy 28/Incoloy® 028 Bar in both round and flat forms provides an outstanding combination of corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and fabrication versatility. Its superior performance in sulfuric acid and chloride-containing environments makes it the material of choice for critical components across chemical processing, oil and gas, pollution control, and industrial sectors. The availability in both round and flat bar configurations offers designers and manufacturers flexibility in creating durable, corrosion-resistant equipment that ensures long-term reliability in demanding service conditions. --- *Incoloy® is a registered trademark of Special Metals Corporation. All technical data are typical values and should be verified for specific applications. Consult manufacturer's specifications for project-specific requirements and performance data.*

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2692 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.