Magnesium ZK31-T5, Forgings,E FOUR

### **Product Datasheet: Magnesium ZK31-T5 Forgings** **High-Strength Forged Magnesium Components** --- #### **1. Overview** Magnesium ZK31-T5 Forgings represent high-performance components manufactured through the closed-die or open-die forging process, followed by T5 artificial aging treatment. This alloy combines zinc for solid solution strengthening and zirconium for grain refinement, resulting in forged parts with superior mechanical properties, directional strength characteristics, and enhanced structural integrity compared to cast components. The forging process aligns the grain flow with component contours, providing optimal performance for critical structural applications. --- #### **2. Key Features & Advantages** - **Superior Mechanical Properties:** Enhanced strength and ductility from forged grain structure - **Directional Strength:** Grain flow follows component contours for optimal performance - **Excellent Fatigue Resistance:** Improved fatigue life compared to cast components - **Good Corrosion Resistance:** Superior to many aluminum-containing magnesium alloys - **Reduced Porosity:** Dense, homogeneous microstructure from forging process - **Complex Geometries:** Capable of producing near-net-shape components - **Age-Hardenable:** T5 treatment provides additional strength improvement --- #### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Magnesium (Balance) | Zinc | Zirconium | Manganese (max) | Silicon (max) | Other Elements (max) | |---------------|---------------------|--------------|--------------|-----------------|---------------|---------------------| | **Content (%)** | - | 2.5-3.5 | 0.45-1.0 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.30 total | *Note: The controlled zinc content provides solid solution strengthening, while zirconium ensures fine grain structure through the forging process and subsequent heat treatment.* --- #### **4. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (T5 Temper - Forgings)** **Physical Properties:** | Property | Value | |---------------------------|------------------------------| | **Density** | 1.79 g/cm³ (0.0646 lb/in³) | | **Melting Range** | 625-650°C (1157-1202°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 116 W/m·K | | **Specific Heat Capacity**| 1010 J/kg·K | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 25.6 × 10⁻⁶/°C | | **Forging Temperature** | 350-450°C (662-842°F) | **Mechanical Properties (Typical Forged Components):** | Property | Longitudinal Direction | Transverse Direction | |---------------------------|--------------------------|-------------------------| | **Ultimate Tensile Strength** | 290-330 MPa (42-48 ksi) | 275-315 MPa (40-46 ksi) | | **Tensile Yield Strength**| 210-250 MPa (30-36 ksi) | 195-235 MPa (28-34 ksi) | | **Elongation** | 10-16% | 8-14% | | **Compressive Yield Strength** | 200-240 MPa (29-35 ksi) | 185-225 MPa (27-33 ksi) | | **Shear Strength** | 170-200 MPa (25-29 ksi) | 160-190 MPa (23-28 ksi) | | **Fatigue Strength** | 140-160 MPa (20-23 ksi) | 130-150 MPa (19-22 ksi) | | **Elastic Modulus** | 45 GPa (6.5×10⁶ psi) | 45 GPa (6.5×10⁶ psi) | | **Hardness** | 75-85 HB | 70-80 HB | | **Impact Toughness** | 8-12 J | 7-11 J | --- #### **5. International Standards** ZK31-T5 Forgings comply with the following specifications: - **ASTM B91:** Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Forgings - **AMS 4363:** Aerospace Material Specification for Magnesium Alloy Forgings - **ISO 3116:** Wrought magnesium and magnesium alloys - **MIL-M-6854:** Military Specification for Magnesium Alloy Forgings - **Customer-Specific Forging Specifications** --- #### **6. Applications** **Aerospace & Defense:** - Aircraft landing gear components - Helicopter rotor hubs and components - Missile body sections and fins - Engine mounting brackets - Wing attachment fittings - Satellite structural components **Transportation & Automotive:** - High-performance automotive wheels - Racing vehicle suspension components - Motorcycle triple clamps and frames - Bicycle crank arms and bottom brackets - Truck transmission components **Industrial Equipment:** - Robotic arm components - Machinery structural members - Press and tooling components - Material handling equipment parts - High-speed rotating components **Specialty Applications:** - Medical equipment components - Optical instrument frames - Professional sports equipment - Defense weapon system components --- #### **7. Forging & Processing Guidelines** **Forging Parameters:** - **Billet Temperature:** 380-430°C (716-806°F) - **Die Temperature:** 260-320°C (500-608°F) - **Forging Pressure:** 50-100 MPa (7-15 ksi) - **Strain Rates:** Moderate to high for optimal grain refinement **Heat Treatment (T5):** - **Artificial Aging:** 175-200°C (347-392°F) for 16-24 hours - **Cooling:** Air cool to room temperature - **Stress Relief:** Optional at 260°C (500°F) for 1-2 hours **Machining Characteristics:** - Excellent machinability in forged condition - Maintains dimensional stability during machining - Good surface finish achievable - Requires proper chip management and cooling **Quality Control:** - Ultrasonic inspection for internal defects - Dye penetrant testing for surface defects - Mechanical property verification testing - Microstructural examination --- #### **8. Design & Manufacturing Considerations** - **Draft Angles:** 3-5° recommended for die release - **Fillet Radii:** Minimum 3-5 mm for stress reduction - **Wall Thickness:** Uniform sections preferred - **Grain Flow:** Optimize for primary stress directions - **Post-Forging Processing:** Minimal machining for cost efficiency - **Quality Documentation:** Full traceability for aerospace applications --- **Disclaimer** This technical data serves as a general reference for Magnesium ZK31-T5 Forgings. Actual properties may vary based on forging design, process parameters, and heat treatment conditions. Users should conduct appropriate testing to verify suitability for specific applications and consult relevant material specifications before use. Proper safety precautions for magnesium processing must be followed throughout manufacturing operations.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3369 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.