Elektron W15 Magnesium Alloy，AZ31,E FOUR

### **Elektron W15 / AZ31 Magnesium Alloy** **Product Overview** Elektron W15, commercially designated as AZ31, is one of the most versatile and widely used magnesium-aluminum-zinc wrought alloys. Known for its excellent combination of strength, ductility, and formability, AZ31 serves as the workhorse alloy for magnesium wrought products including sheet, plate, extrusions, and forgings. The alloy offers a favorable strength-to-weight ratio, good corrosion resistance, and reliable performance across various manufacturing processes, making it suitable for diverse applications in aerospace, automotive, and consumer electronics industries. This alloy is commonly supplied in rolled sheet, extruded rods and profiles, and forged components, available in various tempers including O (annealed), H24 (strain-hardened and partially annealed), and H26 (strain-hardened and partially annealed to higher strength). --- #### **1. Chemical Composition** AZ31 features a balanced aluminum-zinc composition optimized for wrought processing. | Element | Composition (% by Weight) | | :---------------- | :-------------------------------- | | **Aluminum (Al)** | 2.5 - 3.5 % | | **Zinc (Zn)** | 0.6 - 1.4 % | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.20 - 0.50 % | | **Calcium (Ca)** | ≤ 0.04 % | | **Copper (Cu)** | ≤ 0.05 % | | **Iron (Fe)** | ≤ 0.05 % | | **Nickel (Ni)** | ≤ 0.005 % | | **Silicon (Si)** | ≤ 0.10 % | | **Other Impurities** | ≤ 0.30 % (each) | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | Balance | *Note:* The **aluminum** content provides solid solution strengthening, while **zinc** enhances strength and improves the alloy's response to strain hardening. **Manganese** plays a crucial role in improving corrosion resistance by combining with iron impurities to form harmless intermetallic compounds. --- #### **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** AZ31 exhibits a well-balanced property profile suitable for a wide range of applications. **Physical Properties:** * **Density:** 1.77 g/cm³ (0.064 lb/in³) * **Melting Range:** 605 - 630 °C (1121 - 1166 °F) * **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 26.0 μm/m·°C (20-200°C) * **Thermal Conductivity:** 96 W/m·K * **Modulus of Elasticity:** 45 GPa (6.5 × 10³ ksi) **Typical Mechanical Properties (H24 Temper - Sheet):** * **Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS):** 235 - 260 MPa (34 - 38 ksi) * **Tensile Yield Strength (TYS):** 145 - 165 MPa (21 - 24 ksi) * **Elongation:** 8 - 15% * **Compressive Yield Strength:** 95 - 115 MPa (14 - 17 ksi) * **Shear Strength:** 130 - 150 MPa (19 - 22 ksi) * **Fatigue Strength:** 110 - 130 MPa (16 - 19 ksi) **Elevated Temperature Performance:** * **Maintains useful mechanical properties up to 100°C (212°F)** * **Excellent formability at elevated temperatures (200-300°C)** * **Good creep resistance below 100°C** * **Gradual strength reduction above 100°C** --- #### **3. International Standards & Specifications** AZ31 is comprehensively covered by multiple international standards. * **ASTM International:** * **ASTM B90** (Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Sheet and Plate) * **ASTM B107** (Standard Specification for Magnesium-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Profiles, Tubes, and Wire) * **Aerospace Material Specification (AMS):** * **AMS 4375** (Extruded Bars, Rods, and Shapes) * **AMS 4377** (Sheet and Plate) * **SAE International:** **SAE J465** * **UNS Designation:** **UNS M11311** * **ISO Standards:** **ISO 3116** (Wrought magnesium and magnesium alloys) * **European Standards:** **EN 1753 Mg-Al3Zn1** --- #### **4. Product Applications** AZ31 finds extensive use across aerospace, automotive, electronics, and general industrial sectors. * **Aerospace & Defense:** * **Aircraft Fuselage Skins and Panels** * **Interior Aircraft Components** * **Helicopter Transmission Housings** * **Missile Body Sections and Skins** * **Electronic Equipment Enclosures and Chassis** * **Automotive & Transportation:** * **Seat Frames and Components** * **Instrument Panel Structures** * **Body Panels and Interior Trim** * **Bicycle Frames and Components** * **Electronics & Consumer Goods:** * **Laptop Computer Housings** * **Camera Bodies and Components** * **Portable Electronic Device Casings** * **Power Tool Housings** * **Industrial Applications:** * **Material Handling Equipment Components** * **Work Platform Parts** * **General Fabricated Components** --- #### **5. Manufacturing Characteristics** **Forming and Processing:** * **Excellent rollability** for sheet and plate production * **Good extrudability** for complex profiles * **Superior formability** at elevated temperatures (200-300°C) * **Good forgeability** with proper processing conditions **Secondary Processing:** * **Good weldability** using TIG, MIG, and resistance welding * **Excellent machinability** with high surface quality * **Good response to surface treatments** and coatings * **Compatible with various joining techniques** including adhesive bonding and mechanical fastening --- **Summary** **Elektron W15 / AZ31 Magnesium Alloy** stands as the fundamental wrought magnesium alloy that has enabled widespread adoption of magnesium in structural applications. Its balanced **aluminum-zinc-manganese** composition provides an optimal combination of **medium strength**, **good ductility**, and **excellent corrosion resistance** for a wrought magnesium alloy. The comprehensive coverage by multiple international standards including **ASTM B90**, **ASTM B107**, and **AMS specifications** certifies its reliability for critical aerospace and industrial applications. AZ31's versatility across various manufacturing processes – from rolling and extrusion to forging and forming – makes it the most widely used wrought magnesium alloy globally. While newer alloys offer higher strength or better elevated temperature performance, AZ31 remains the most versatile and widely specified magnesium wrought alloy, valued for its consistent performance, excellent manufacturability, and proven track record across diverse industries seeking weight reduction solutions.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3417 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.