Lithium ThiocyanateCAS #: 556-65-0

Synonyms 

thiocyanic acid, lithium salt (1:1), Lithium rhodanide, Lithiumrhodanid, Lithium sulfocyanate

Compound Formula: CLiNS 

Molecular Weight: 65.02 

Appearance: White crystalline powder 

Melting Point: N/A 

Boiling Point: N/A 

Density: N/A 

Solubility in H2O: N/A 

Exact Mass: 64.99115 

Monoisotopic Mass: 64.99115

Product Introduction: Lithium Perchlorate (CAS #: 556-65-0)

Lithium perchlorate, with the chemical formula LiClO₄ and CAS number 556-65-0, is a highly soluble inorganic compound known for its strong oxidizing properties and high ionic conductivity. This white crystalline solid, which can exist in anhydrous form or as a hydrate (e.g., LiClO₄·3H₂O), plays a critical role in various industrial and research applications, particularly in energy storage, pyrotechnics, and chemical synthesis. Its unique ability to dissociate completely in polar solvents makes it a valuable electrolyte and oxidizing agent.

Chemical & Physical Properties

Lithium perchlorate exhibits a range of properties that underpin its versatility:

Solubility: Highly soluble in water (up to ~60 g/100 mL at 20°C) and many organic solvents (e.g., acetonitrile, propylene carbonate), enabling its use in non-aqueous electrolyte systems.

Melting Point: The anhydrous form melts at approximately 236°C, with decomposition occurring at higher temperatures (above 400°C) to release oxygen, a trait useful in oxidizing applications.

Ionic Conductivity: When dissolved, it dissociates into Li⁺ and ClO₄⁻ ions, delivering high ionic conductivity—making it effective in battery electrolytes and electrochemical cells.

Hygroscopicity: The anhydrous form readily absorbs moisture from the air, forming hydrates, which necessitates careful storage in dry environments.

Oxidizing Strength: Acts as a strong oxidizer, reacting vigorously with reducing agents, combustible materials, and organic compounds, requiring cautious handling.

Key Applications

Lithium perchlorate (CAS 556-65-0) is employed in diverse fields, leveraging its oxidizing power and ionic properties:

Battery Electrolytes: Used in specialized lithium-ion batteries and reserve batteries, where its high solubility and ionic conductivity support efficient ion transport. It is particularly valuable in non-aqueous electrolytes for high-temperature or high-performance battery designs.

Pyrotechnics: Serves as an oxidizer in fireworks and pyrotechnic compositions, contributing to bright flames and intense combustion reactions. Its ability to release oxygen enhances the burning rate of fuel components.

Chemical Synthesis: Acts as an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis, facilitating reactions such as dehydrogenation and oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds. It also finds use as a catalyst in certain polymerization processes.

Laboratory Research: Employed in analytical chemistry as a source of perchlorate ions and in electrochemical studies to prepare conductive solutions for cyclic voltammetry and other techniques.

Desiccants: The anhydrous form is used as a drying agent for organic solvents, though its strong oxidizing nature limits its use with heat-sensitive or reducing compounds.

Synthesis & Quality Control

Lithium perchlorate is typically synthesized through neutralization or metathesis reactions:

Neutralization: Lithium hydroxide (LiOH) or lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃) reacts with perchloric acid (HClO₄) in aqueous solution, followed by evaporation and crystallization to yield the hydrate form.

Metathesis: Lithium chloride (LiCl) reacts with silver perchlorate (AgClO₄) in solution, with silver chloride (AgCl) precipitating out, leaving lithium perchlorate in the filtrate.

Anhydration: The hydrate is heated under controlled conditions (150–200°C) in a dry atmosphere to remove water, producing anhydrous LiClO₄.

Quality control includes testing for purity (typically 99%+), moisture content, and particle size distribution. Analytical methods such as titration (for chloride ions) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) ensure product consistency.

Safety & Handling

Due to its strong oxidizing properties, lithium perchlorate requires strict safety protocols:

Fire Risk: Reacts violently with combustible materials (e.g., organic compounds, metals, sulfur) and may ignite or explode when heated or shocked. Store away from heat, sparks, and open flames.

Toxicity: Ingestion or inhalation can cause irritation to the respiratory and digestive systems. Perchlorate ions may interfere with thyroid function; avoid prolonged exposure.

Moisture Control: Anhydrous LiClO₄ absorbs water rapidly, which can reduce its effectiveness and promote clumping. Store in airtight containers in a dry, well-ventilated area.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Wear gloves, safety goggles, and flame-resistant clothing when handling. Use in a fume hood when working with large quantities.

Refer to the product’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for comprehensive safety guidelines.

Packaging & Availability

We offer lithium perchlorate in various forms:

Anhydrous Powder: Packaged in moisture-proof, sealed containers (100g–25kg) to prevent hydration.

Trihydrate Crystals: Available in 500g–50kg drums for applications where water content is less critical.

Bulk quantities and custom packaging are available upon request. Our product meets industrial standards for purity and performance, suitable for both research and large-scale applications.

For technical specifications, pricing, or safety documentation, contact our sales team.

Health & Safety Information 

Signal Word: N/A

 Hazard Statements: N/A 

Hazard Codes: N/A 

Risk Codes: N/A 

Safety Statements: N/A 

Transport Information: N/A

Chemical Identifiers 

Linear Formula: LiSCN 

Pubchem CID: 23673451 

MDL Number: N/A 

EC No.: 209-135-1 

IUPAC Name: lithium; thiocyanate 

Beilstein/Reaxys No.: 3623307 

SMILES: [Li+].[S-]C#N 

InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/CHNS.Li/c2-1-3;/h3H;/q;+1/p-1 

InchI Key: ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Packing of Standard Packing: 

Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 735 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.