Lithium Telluride Sputtering TargetCAS #: 12136-59-3

Synonyms

 Dilithium telluride

Compound Formula: Li2Te 

Molecular Weight: 141.482 

Appearance: solid 

Melting Point: N/A 

Boiling Point: N/A 

Density: N/A 

Solubility in H2O: N/A 

Exact Mass: 143.938 

Monoisotopic Mass: 143.938

Product Introduction: Potassium Fluoride (KF, CAS #: 12136-59-3

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Potassium fluoride, with the chemical formula KF and CAS number 12136-59-3, is a fundamental inorganic compound consisting of potassium cations (K⁺) and fluoride anions (F⁻). This white crystalline solid is valued for its high solubility in water, strong fluorinating properties, and versatility across industrial, chemical, and research applications. Its ability to release fluoride ions in solution makes it a key reagent in synthesis, etching, and metallurgical processes, while its thermal stability ensures reliability in high-temperature operations.

Chemical & Physical Properties

Potassium fluoride exhibits distinct properties that underpin its widespread utility:

Solubility: Highly soluble in water (approximately 92 g/100 mL at 20°C) and polar organic solvents like methanol and ethanol, forming strongly basic solutions due to hydrolysis of the fluoride ion.

Melting Point: Approximately 858°C, with a boiling point of 1,505°C, providing exceptional thermal stability for high-temperature industrial processes.

Hygroscopicity: Strongly hygroscopic, absorbing moisture from the air rapidly, which can cause clumping or dissolution if not stored in sealed containers.

Density: Around 2.48 g/cm³ for the anhydrous solid, with a lower density (1.91 g/cm³) for the dihydrate form (KF·2H₂O), which is also commercially available.

Chemical Reactivity: Acts as a source of fluoride ions, enabling fluorination reactions and forming complexes with metal ions in solution.

Key Applications

Potassium fluoride (CAS 12136-59-3) is employed across diverse industries, leveraging its fluorinating capabilities and ionic properties:

Chemical Synthesis: Serves as a fluorinating agent in organic chemistry, facilitating the introduction of fluoride into molecules for the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty fluorinated compounds. It is also used in the synthesis of alkali metal fluorides and complex fluorides (e.g., KPF₆, KBF₄).

Metallurgy: Acts as a flux in metal processing, particularly for aluminum and magnesium alloys, where it removes oxide impurities and lowers melting points, improving the quality of castings and welds.

Glass and Ceramics: Used in etching glass and ceramics, where fluoride ions react with silica (SiO₂) to form soluble silicon tetrafluoride (SiF₄), enabling the creation of decorative patterns or precision components.

Electroplating: Added to electroplating baths to adjust conductivity and improve the adhesion of metal coatings (e.g., nickel, copper), ensuring uniform deposition.

Water Treatment: Employed in some water fluoridation processes to adjust fluoride levels for dental health, though its use is regulated to prevent overexposure.

Laboratory Research: A standard reagent for fluoride ion detection, buffer preparation, and as a catalyst in organic reactions requiring fluoride ions.

Advantages & Limitations

Potassium fluoride offers specific benefits alongside important considerations:

Efficacy as a Fluorinating Agent: Provides a cost-effective and readily available source of fluoride ions, making it ideal for large-scale synthesis and industrial processes.

Thermal Stability: Exceptional resistance to high temperatures allows its use in metallurgical and ceramic processes where prolonged heat exposure is common.

Solubility: High solubility in water and organic solvents enables flexible formulation in both aqueous and non-aqueous reaction systems.

Limitations: Strong hygroscopicity requires strict moisture control during storage and handling. Its strongly basic solutions can cause corrosion of metals and skin irritation, necessitating careful handling. Additionally, fluoride toxicity limits its use in consumer applications without proper regulation.

Synthesis & Quality Control

Potassium fluoride is synthesized through straightforward neutralization or metathesis reactions:

Neutralization: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) reacts with hydrofluoric acid (HF) in aqueous solution: KOH + HF → KF + H₂O. The solution is evaporated to crystallize the product, which is then dried to remove moisture.

Metathesis: Potassium chloride (KCl) reacts with silver fluoride (AgF) in solution, forming KF and silver chloride (AgCl) precipitate, which is filtered out.

Quality control includes titration to determine fluoride content (typically 98–99% for industrial grades), ion chromatography to detect impurities (e.g., chloride, sulfate), and moisture analysis via Karl Fischer titration (kept below 1% for anhydrous KF).

Safety & Handling

Due to its corrosive and toxic properties, proper handling of potassium fluoride is critical:

Storage: Keep in tightly sealed, moisture-proof containers (e.g., HDPE bottles) in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Separate from acids, metals, and oxidizing agents to prevent reactions.

Toxicity: Highly toxic if ingested or inhaled, as fluoride ions can damage cells and interfere with enzyme function. Contact with skin or eyes causes severe irritation or burns. Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, a face shield, and a respirator when handling.

Reactivity: Reacts violently with strong acids to release toxic hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas. Avoid contact with metals (e.g., aluminum, zinc) to produce flammable hydrogen gas.

Disposal: Dispose of waste in accordance with local regulations for toxic fluoride compounds, ensuring proper containment to prevent soil or water contamination.

Refer to the product’s Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed safety protocols and emergency response procedures.

Packaging & Availability

Potassium fluoride is available in forms tailored to application needs:

Anhydrous Powder or Granules: Packaged in moisture-resistant HDPE bags (1kg–25kg) or drums (50kg–500kg) with sealed liners to prevent moisture absorption.

Dihydrate Form (KF·2H₂O): Available for applications where controlled hydration is acceptable, packaged similarly to the anhydrous form.

Aqueous Solutions: Pre-dissolved solutions (10–50% w/w) are available for immediate use in etching and synthesis, packaged in plastic containers (5L–200L).

Industrial-grade and high-purity (99.9%) versions are available, with the latter used in laboratory and electronic applications.

For technical specifications, pricing, or safety documentation, contact our sales team, specializing in inorganic fluorides for industrial and research use.

Health & Safety Information

 Signal Word: Danger 

Hazard Statements: H260-H314 

Hazard Codes: F, C 

Precautionary Statements: P231+P232-P260-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501 

Risk Codes: N/A 

Safety Statements: N/A 

Transport Information: UN 1415 4.3/PG I 

GHS Pictogram: Image,Image

Chemical Identifiers

 Linear Formula: Li2Te 

Pubchem CID: 82934 

MDL Number: N/A 

EC No.: 235-229-7 

IUPAC Name: N/A 

Beilstein/Reaxys No.: N/A 

SMILES: [Li][Te][Li] 

InchI Identifier: InChI=1S/2Li.Te 

InchI Key: GKWAQTFPHUTRMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Packing of Standard Packing: 

Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 735 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.