Aluminium-bismuth Master Alloy，Aluminium bismuth Alloy，AlBi Alloy，E FORU

**Product Datasheet: Aluminium-Bismuth Master Alloy (Al-Bi Alloy)** **Version:** 1.0 | **Date:** 2025-04-02 --- ### **1. General Overview** Aluminium-Bismuth Master Alloy (Al-Bi Alloy) is a specialized additive used to introduce bismuth into aluminium alloy systems. Bismuth functions as an effective solid insoluble element within the aluminium matrix, forming discrete particles that significantly improve machinability and modify tribological properties. This master alloy is particularly valuable in applications requiring enhanced chip-breaking characteristics and controlled thermal expansion behavior. --- ### **2. International Standards** Al-Bi master alloys are referenced in several international standards: - **ISO:** ISO 209-1 (Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys) - **ASTM:** ASTM B179 (Standard Specification for Aluminum Alloys in Ingot and Molten Forms) - **EN:** EN 1676 (Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Master alloys) - **JIS:** JIS H 2118 (Aluminium alloy master alloys) - **Typical Master Alloy Grades:** Al-10%Bi, Al-15%Bi, Al-20%Bi --- ### **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** Typical composition ranges for Al-Bi master alloy: | Element | Content (%) | Role & Remarks | |------------------|-------------------|------------------------------------------| | Bismuth (Bi) | 5.0 – 20.0 | Primary functional element | | Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.25 | Impurity control | | Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.20 | Impurity control | | Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.05 | Impurity control | | Lead (Pb) | ≤ 0.05 | Impurity control | | Other Impurities | ≤ 0.15 total | — | | Aluminium (Al) | Balance | Base metal | --- ### **4. Physical Properties** | Property | Value / Range | |---------------------------|-----------------------------------| | Density | 2.8 – 3.2 g/cm³ (varies with Bi content) | | Melting Range | 270 – 660°C (Bi melts at 271°C) | | Bismuth Distribution | Discrete particles in Al matrix | | Thermal Conductivity | 80 – 120 W/m·K | | Electrical Conductivity | 30 – 45 % IACS | | Hardness (Brinell) | 25 – 45 HB (master alloy form) | --- ### **5. Key Characteristics & Advantages** - **Machinability Enhancement:** Bismuth particles act as chip-breakers, significantly improving machining characteristics - **Low Melting Point:** Bismuth phase melts at 271°C, providing self-lubricating properties - **Non-Toxic Alternative:** Environmentally preferable substitute for lead-containing alloys - **Thermal Expansion Control:** Modifies thermal expansion characteristics - **Bearing Properties:** Improves anti-seizure and anti-galling characteristics --- ### **6. Product Applications** - **Free-Machining Alloys:** Automotive components, fittings, and fasteners - **Bearing Alloys:** Where lead-free requirements are mandatory - **Thermal Management:** Controlled expansion electronic packaging - **Casting Alloys:** Improved pressure tightness and surface finish - **Recycling:** Adjustment of bismuth content in secondary aluminium alloys - **Aerospace:** Non-critical machined components requiring good chip formation --- ### **7. Available Forms** - **Master Alloy:** Ingots, notch bars, granules - **Standard Sizes:** 5–15 kg ingots - **Special Forms:** Custom-sized pieces for automated feeding systems --- ### **8. Technical Guidelines for Use** - **Addition Rate:** 0.5–2.0% Bi to the melt (depending on application) - **Melt Temperature:** 700–750°C - **Holding Time:** 20–40 minutes with gentle stirring - **Cooling Rate:** Moderate to prevent bismuth segregation - **Compatibility:** Can be combined with other alloying elements --- ### **9. Comparison with Other Machinability Enhancers** | Modifier | Machinability | Toxicity | Cost | Environmental Impact | |----------|---------------|----------|------|---------------------| | **Bismuth (Bi)** | Very Good | Low | Medium | Favorable | | **Lead (Pb)** | Excellent | High | Low | Restricted | | **Tin (Sn)** | Good | Low | Medium | Favorable | --- ### **10. Health, Safety & Handling** - Generally considered safe compared to lead-based alternatives - Use standard foundry personal protective equipment - Avoid excessive dust generation during handling - Store in dry conditions to prevent surface oxidation - Follow local regulations for metal disposal --- ### **11. Quality Assurance** - Each batch supplied with complete chemical analysis - Microstructural examination for bismuth distribution - Certification of compliance with specified standards - Traceability maintained through production records --- ### **Disclaimer** This information is provided for technical reference only. Properties and performance may vary based on specific application conditions. Users are advised to conduct trials to determine suitability for their processes. The manufacturer is not liable for misuse or application failures. Always follow good foundry practices and safety guidelines.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2284 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.