8090-T81 Aluminum alloy,Aluminum 8090-T81 alloy，E FORU

### **Aluminum 8090-T81 Alloy Technical Datasheet** --- #### **1. Product Overview** **Aluminum 8090-T81** is a specific temper of the advanced aluminum-lithium alloy 8090, designed to provide an optimal balance of strength, damage tolerance, and corrosion resistance for aerospace applications. The T81 temper indicates the material has been solution heat-treated, cold worked, and artificially aged to achieve a substantially stable condition with enhanced properties compared to naturally aged tempers. --- #### **2. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** | Element | Composition Range | Typical Value | |---------|-------------------|---------------| | Aluminum (Al) | Balance | ≥95.8% | | Lithium (Li) | 2.2 - 2.7% | 2.45% | | Copper (Cu) | 1.0 - 1.6% | 1.3% | | Magnesium (Mg) | 0.6 - 1.3% | 0.95% | | Zirconium (Zr) | 0.08 - 0.15% | 0.12% | | Iron (Fe) | ≤ 0.15% | 0.10% | | Silicon (Si) | ≤ 0.10% | 0.06% | | Zinc (Zn) | ≤ 0.10% | 0.06% | | Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 0.05% | 0.03% | | Other Elements (each) | ≤ 0.05% | - | | Total Other Elements | ≤ 0.15% | - | **Key Composition Features:** - Lithium content provides 8% density reduction and 10% stiffness increase - Copper and magnesium form strengthening precipitates (δ' - Al₃Li and S' - Al₂CuMg) - Zirconium addition controls grain structure through Al₃Zr dispersoids - Ultra-low iron and silicon enhance toughness and corrosion resistance - Specifically optimized for T81 aging response --- #### **3. Physical Properties** | Property | Metric Value | Imperial Value | |----------|--------------|----------------| | Density | 2.54 g/cm³ | 0.092 lb/in³ | | Melting Range | 600-655°C | 1112-1211°F | | Thermal Conductivity | 88-92 W/m·K | - | | Electrical Conductivity | 19-21% IACS | - | | Modulus of Elasticity | 78 GPa | 11.3 × 10⁶ psi | | Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 22.5 × 10⁻⁶/°C | 12.5 × 10⁻⁶/°F | | Specific Heat Capacity | 920 J/kg·K | - | | Electrical Resistivity | 82-89 nΩ·m | - | --- #### **4. Mechanical Properties (T81 Temper)** **Typical Mechanical Properties:** - **Tensile Ultimate Strength**: 440-500 MPa (64-73 ksi) - **Tensile Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)**: 340-400 MPa (49-58 ksi) - **Elongation in 50 mm**: 8-12% - **Shear Strength**: 260-300 MPa (38-44 ksi) - **Hardness (Vickers)**: 135-155 HV - **Fatigue Strength** (R=0.1, 5×10⁸ cycles): 160-190 MPa (23-28 ksi) - **Compressive Yield Strength**: 330-390 MPa (48-57 ksi) - **Fracture Toughness (K Ic)**: 28-32 MPa√m - **Bearing Strength** (e/D=2.0): 690-750 MPa (100-109 ksi) - **Bearing Yield Strength** (e/D=2.0): 520-580 MPa (75-84 ksi) --- #### **5. International Standards** **Primary Specifications:** - **AMS 4250**: Aluminum Alloy 8090 Plate and Sheet - **AMS 4251**: Aluminum Alloy 8090 Extrusions - **EN 573-3**: Aluminum and aluminum alloys - Chemical composition - **ISO 209**: Wrought aluminum and aluminum alloys **Aerospace Standards:** - **ASTM B909**: Standard Guide for Aluminum Lithium Alloys - **MIL-HDBK-5**: Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Vehicle Structures - **ABD 0031**: Airbus Technical Specification for Al-Li Alloys - **BMS 7-336**: Boeing Material Specification **Temper Standards:** - **EN 515**: Aluminum and aluminum alloys - Temper designations - **ASTM B296**: Standard Practice for Temper Designations - **ISO 2107**: Aluminum temper designations --- #### **6. Product Applications** **Aircraft Primary Structures:** - Fuselage skins and panels - Wing upper surfaces - Empennage components - Bulkheads and frames - Floor beams and supports **Aircraft Secondary Structures:** - Access doors and panels - Fairings and cowlings - Control surfaces - Interior structures - Equipment supports **Space and Defense:** - Spacecraft structural components - Satellite frames and panels - Missile airframes - Military aircraft components - Defense system structures **Special Applications:** - Helicopter airframe components - Racing vehicle structures - High-performance sporting equipment - Advanced transportation systems - Specialized engineering structures --- #### **7. Key Characteristics** **T81 Temper Advantages:** - **Excellent Strength-to-Weight Ratio** - **Superior Stiffness** (10% higher than conventional alloys) - **Good Damage Tolerance** - **Moderate Corrosion Resistance** - **Good Fatigue Performance** - **Improved Specific Properties** **Performance Benefits:** - 8% density reduction compared to conventional aluminum alloys - Enhanced stiffness-to-weight ratio - Good combination of strength and toughness - Suitable for various aerospace applications - Proven service performance --- #### **8. Processing Characteristics** **Heat Treatment Process:** - **Solution Treatment**: 530-540°C (986-1004°F) for 1-2 hours - **Quenching**: Rapid water quenching - **Cold Working**: 1-3% stretch or compression - **Artificial Aging**: 170-180°C (338-356°F) for 18-24 hours **Machining:** - Moderate machinability rating: 40% - Requires sharp carbide tooling - Recommended cutting speed: 85-175 m/min - Feed rate: 0.10-0.25 mm/rev - Adequate surface finish achievable with proper techniques **Forming Operations:** - **Limited Formability** in T81 condition - **Good Bendability** with proper tooling - **Adequate for Light Forming** - **Springback Control** required - **Hot Forming** recommended for complex shapes **Joining Methods:** - **Excellent Friction Stir Welding** capability - **Good Adhesive Bonding** characteristics - **Mechanical Fastening** - good performance - **Limited Arc Welding** suitability - **Specialized Techniques** recommended --- #### **9. Corrosion Resistance** **Performance Characteristics:** - **Atmospheric Corrosion**: Good resistance - **Stress Corrosion Cracking**: Moderate resistance - **Exfoliation Corrosion**: Fair to good resistance - **Galvanic Corrosion**: Requires proper isolation - **General Performance**: Adequate for aerospace applications **Protection Methods:** - Chemical conversion coatings (Alodine) - Primer and paint systems - Clad versions available for improved corrosion resistance - Proper material selection for mating components - Regular inspection and maintenance --- #### **10. Quality Assurance** **Testing Requirements:** - Chemical composition verification - Mechanical property testing - Fracture toughness evaluation - Fatigue testing - Corrosion resistance testing - Non-destructive testing (UT, ET) **Specialized Testing:** - Differential Scanning Calorimetry for phase analysis - Transmission Electron Microscopy for microstructure - Small-angle X-ray scattering for precipitate analysis - Fatigue crack growth rate testing **Certification:** - Aerospace quality certification - Full material traceability - Nadcap accreditation for special processes - Customer-specific approvals - Regular quality system audits --- #### **11. Comparison with Other Tempers** | Property | 8090-T81 | 8090-T3 | 8090-T86 | |----------|----------|----------|----------| | Tensile Strength (MPa) | 440-500 | 420-480 | 480-540 | | Yield Strength (MPa) | 340-400 | 280-340 | 420-480 | | Elongation (%) | 8-12 | 10-14 | 5-8 | | Corrosion Resistance | Moderate | Good | Lower | | Typical Use | Balanced properties | Damage tolerance | High strength | --- #### **Conclusion** Aluminum 8090-T81 alloy represents an optimized temper condition that provides an excellent balance of mechanical properties for aerospace applications. The T81 treatment delivers a combination of good strength, adequate damage tolerance, and moderate corrosion resistance that makes it suitable for a wide range of aircraft and spacecraft structures. The 8% density reduction and 10% stiffness improvement compared to conventional aluminum alloys provide significant weight savings and performance benefits. While requiring specialized processing and careful attention to manufacturing techniques, 8090-T81 has established itself as a reliable material solution for weight-critical aerospace applications where balanced performance characteristics are essential. The alloy's proven service history and consistent performance continue to make it a valuable choice for modern aerospace engineering requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 2259 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.