2031 Aluminum alloy,Aluminum 2031 alloy,E FORU

# **Aluminum 2031 Alloy Product Introduction** ## **Overview** 2031 Aluminum Alloy is a high-strength aluminum-copper based alloy designed primarily for excellent machinability and good mechanical properties. It belongs to the family of free-machining aluminum alloys, making it particularly suitable for automatic screw machine products and high-volume production of precision components where superior chip formation and surface finish are critical requirements. --- ## **1. Chemical Composition** | Element | Content (%) | |---------|-------------| | **Aluminum (Al)** | Balance | | **Copper (Cu)** | 2.5 - 3.5 | | **Lead (Pb)** | 0.8 - 1.5 | | **Bismuth (Bi)** | 0.4 - 0.9 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.6 - 1.2 | | **Iron (Fe)** | ≤ 0.7 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.20 - 0.6 | | **Magnesium (Mg)** | 0.30 - 0.8 | | **Zinc (Zn)** | ≤ 0.3 | | **Titanium (Ti)** | ≤ 0.10 | | **Other Elements** | ≤ 0.15 total | --- ## **2. Physical Properties** | Property | Value / Description | |----------|---------------------| | **Density** | 2.85 g/cm³ (0.103 lb/in³) | | **Melting Range** | 518°C - 642°C (964°F - 1188°F) | | **Electrical Conductivity** | 36-42% IACS | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 138-148 W/m·K | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 23.6 × 10⁻⁶/°C (20-100°C) | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 70.5 GPa (10,220 ksi) | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.33 | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 890 J/kg·K | --- ## **3. Mechanical Properties** **Typical Mechanical Properties (T4 Temper):** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Tensile Strength** | 320-370 MPa (46-54 ksi) | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 180-230 MPa (26-33 ksi) | | **Elongation in 2 inches** | 12-18% | | **Shear Strength** | 190-230 MPa (28-33 ksi) | | **Fatigue Strength** | 110 MPa (16 ksi) | | **Brinell Hardness** | 85-100 HB | | **Machinability Rating** | Excellent (95% of free-cutting brass) | | **Impact Strength** | 12-16 J | --- ## **4. International Standards** | Standard System | Designation | Product Form | |-----------------|-------------|--------------| | **ASTM** | ASTM B211 | Rod, Bar, Wire | | **SAE** | SAE J454 | Wire, Rod | | **UNS** | A92031 | - | | **EN** | EN AW-2031 | Extruded Products | | **JIS** | A2031 | Bar, Rod | --- ## **5. Product Applications** **Automotive Industry:** - Fuel system components - Transmission parts - Engine sensors and fittings - Brake system components - Electrical connectors and terminals **Aerospace Applications:** - Non-structural aircraft fittings - Instrumentation components - Control system parts - Avionics mounting hardware - Electrical connectors **Industrial Applications:** - High-volume screw machine products - Valve bodies and components - Pump parts and fittings - Hydraulic system components - Precision mechanical parts **Electronics and Consumer Products:** - Connector housings - Electronic enclosures - Camera mechanisms - Precision instruments - Lock components and hardware --- ## **6. Key Advantages & Considerations** **Advantages:** - ✅ **Exceptional Machinability** - superior chip formation - ✅ **Excellent Surface Finish** - minimal post-processing - ✅ **Good Mechanical Properties** for machining applications - ✅ **Cost-Effective Production** on automatic machines - ✅ **Extended Tool Life** - reduced manufacturing costs - ✅ **Consistent Performance** in high-volume production **Considerations:** - ⚠️ **Lead Content** - not RoHS compliant - ⚠️ **Limited Corrosion Resistance** - requires protective coatings - ⚠️ **Not Recommended for Welding** - ⚠️ **Lower Strength** than structural aluminum alloys - ⚠️ **Environmental Regulations** may restrict use --- ## **Heat Treatment Options** **Available Tempers:** - O: Annealed (maximum formability) - T3: Solution heat-treated, cold worked, naturally aged - T4: Solution heat-treated and naturally aged - T6: Solution heat-treated and artificially aged **Typical T4 Heat Treatment:** - Solution Treatment: 500-510°C (932-950°F) - Quenching: Water quench - Natural Aging: 4-7 days to stable condition --- ## **Machining Performance** **Machinability Characteristics:** - Rating: 95% of free-cutting brass standard - Optimal Cutting Speed: 200-300 m/min - Feed Rates: High rates achievable - Surface Finish: Ra 0.8-1.6 μm typical - Chip Formation: Short, easily disposable chips **Tooling Recommendations:** - Primary: Carbide tools for production - Alternative: High-speed steel for prototypes - Coolant: Water-soluble oils recommended - Tool Geometry: Positive rake angles preferred --- ## **Quality Assurance** **Production Controls:** - Chemical composition verification - Mechanical property testing - Machinability performance evaluation - Surface quality inspection - Dimensional accuracy verification **Testing Standards:** - ASTM E8 for tensile testing - ASTM E10 for hardness testing - ASTM E290 for bend testing - Microstructural examination --- ## **Environmental Compliance** **Regulatory Status:** - Contains lead - not RoHS compliant - Requires proper material safety documentation - Special handling and disposal procedures - Transportation classification as hazardous material **Alternative Materials:** - 2011 alloy for similar applications - 6262 alloy for lead-free requirements - 6053 alloy for general purpose uses --- ## **Conclusion** 2031 Aluminum Alloy is specifically engineered for applications requiring outstanding machinability in high-volume production environments. The strategic addition of lead and bismuth provides exceptional chip-breaking characteristics that maximize production efficiency on automatic screw machines and CNC equipment. While environmental regulations limit its application in certain markets due to its lead content, its superior machining performance continues to make it a preferred choice for automotive, aerospace, and industrial components where manufacturing efficiency and surface quality are paramount. The alloy demonstrates excellent performance in applications requiring complex machining operations and tight tolerances, providing economic advantages through reduced machining time, extended tool life, and minimal post-processing requirements.

Packing of Standard Packing: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1562 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request.